Tectonic Activity :: Papers

Tectonic Activity The continents of the world are all separated by different tectonic musical scales which when collide is called Tectonic Activity. on that point are different forms of tectonic activity and different processes and landforms, which are involved during and as a result of the collisions. As and when these collisions are going to take prat we cant determine because current technology hasnt allowed us to dig as far into the solid ground to the point of pressures which causes the plates to collide. These pressures are believed to be eruptions of liquid magma deep inside the earth. The plate tectonic theory was first proposed in 1915 by a man named Alfred Wegener, who was one of the first to identify that the continents of earth look like they fit unitedly in a jig saw puzzle, but what separates him is the fact he suggested that the earth had separat ed over a period of time, introducing the future theory of plates. As Wegener had no explanation of why the earths crust had separated many geologists turned against his ideas, these people were called anti-mobilists. The only evidence that was proved to help Wegeners theory was that palaeontologists had found fossils of interchangeable species on different continents, which suggests that the same species were once on the same area of land with the only explanation being that they had been separated by the motion of land. As years passed more and more evidence was uncovered to support the idea of plates move constantly over time. After the Second World War seismometers were installed into the earth and showed that

The Difference Between Life and Breath :: essays research papers

The Difference Between Life and Breathrespiratory therapists be highly skilled practitioners who provide treatment, watchfulness and care of patients with breathing deficiencies and abnormalities. I chose to go into this profession not just for the money, as some might think, but because of my own life experiences in having to paw with taking care of my Dad, who died from third stage emphysema and because my son has asthma. Part of my acceptance into the respiratory program at Ivy Tech was to job buns a therapist for a day. I chose to do this at St. Clare Medical Center in Crawfordsville. I called to set up my appointment for the job backside and found out I would be shadowing Pam Ehrie, which was good because I already knew her as she helped to care for my Dad and also cared for my son.I arrived at the Respiratory Department at 10 a.m. on Monday of the following week and Pam came out to greet me with a scrub jacked and a name tag and briefly explained that I would go with her to make her rounds for the day. Oh yesterday wouldve been a much better day to have come, she exclaimed. We had three codes so there was a lot more passing game on and it wouldve given you a better idea of what we really do.What are codes? I ask, although I already had a pretty good idea.Oh that is when the patient arrives and they are basically gone, not breathing, and we have to recessitate them back to life. Pam says. I forget that you are just starting into this, so if there is anything that I say and you do not understand it, just ask me. Pam is a rather petite, bubbly individual who stands about five foot tall with shoulder length reddish dark-brown hair and green eyes. She is pretty, with a warm smile that hugs you when you first meet her and a friendly face with kind, gentle eyes. Pam has been a therapist for fourteen eld and she also went through her schooling at Ivy Tech. She loves her job, co-workers, and helping others. It is my passion in life, she says. She embrac es the idea that she is giving a better quality of life to others. She is also the senior Registered Respiratory Therapist on staff at St. Clare Medical Center and she does all of the clinical sequences with the new students at Ivy Tech.

death of a salesman :: essays research papers

BANG Your father is dead. Within a few seconds, although he attempted many times, your father dies. He gave up. All the fights, tout ensemble the disrespect, and all the struggles are behind you. However, all the hope, all the passion, and all the love is still there. In Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman, the main conflict is among Willy Lowman and his son Biff. Most of their struggles are based on disrespect however, much of the tension throughout the play is also graveld by the act of giving up.Disrespectfulness is the cause of personal tension in this play. There are many occurrences where a character is being disrespectful, which triggers emotional and physical conflicts. Throughout the movie, Willy is extremely disrespectful to his wife Linda. He loses his patience every time she talks during a conversation that he is having. When he talks to Biff at the table about his raw job opportunities, Linda adds some remarks like, Ill make breakfast, (1853) and Willy loses his con trol. He turns to her quickly and tells her to leave out up. Sometimes he even puts his finger angrily to her face, screaming at her to shut her mouth, even though she is just adding relative comments. Linda does not lose respect for Willy for his actions as much as Biff does. Biff cares about his mother affectionately and does not like to see her being yelled at. He grinds his teeth when he sees his father yell at his mother, because he knows that if he argues, there lead be that much more tension between him and his father. However, Biff cannot take it much longer because he is losing respect for his father. He knows his father should never die physical with his mother, and he finally takes action before it gets violent. He grabs Willy by the arm and screams at him not to yell at her. Willy gets angry at first, simply then goes to bed guilt-ridden. Loss of respect can ruin a relationship. Biff left town for many reasons, but hotshot important one had to do with Willy cheating on his wife. During a flashback in the play, Willy is in a room with a woman when Biff knocks on the door. The woman was actually in the washroom as Biff came in, but came out before Biff left. Biff saw the woman and knew that his father was not being loyal to his mother.

21st Century Living Essay -- essays research papers

The 21st Century is just around the corner and with it result come many changes in todays modern rescript. Changes occur daily, yet taken into view yearly these changes become extremely noticeable. The people of todays society argon changing everyday, and therefore so is the world. This report will express personal beliefs on what will occur in the 21st century. Within it are examples such as, crime rates, personalities, religion, and living environments. The 21st Century will bring crime rates to a substantially high rate. In todays society we have a high crime rate. Day by day more crimes are committed, and taken year by year the numbers prove hugely. This only shows that the police departments system is not working the way expected. This system has not been modified to any extent, and therefore the numbers will not change. By the time the 21st Century comes along the numbers will have risen to a point where society will be terrified to leave their homes for fear of being atta cked.The on patrol system has not stopped criminals from committing another crime. Criminals who were once imprisoned come out various people searching for a new life. When these ex-criminals find that their previous record stops them from retrieving the dream they were told they could have, they return to the life of crime. The system takes into effect only the unrestrained changes of the criminal and has never reflected upon the actual ch...

The Secret Life Of Great White Sharks Essay -- essays research papers

Great clean Sharks are heavy(p)ly misinterpreted as vicious man-eaters because of the media, movies, and packs imaginations, but they are actually large fish who mistake people for seals and other marine life. What is a great white shark? The great white, among the least understood of Earths creatures, is an apex predator, meaning that it is at the top of the food chain with no natural predators. This means great whites drive their pick of food when it comes to selecting their prey (Klimley 15).Carcharodon carcharias, better know as the great white shark, have existed as a group for over 350 cardinal years (Long). Its name means ragged-toothed (Gorman 10). The largest white shark on record was 21 feet capacious and weighed 7302 pounds. Its ancestors, now extinct, were three times this size, with teeth that were six inches long (White Shark). Today sharks are represented by over 600 species (Long). Great whites are part of a grouping know as mackerel sharks, a grouping which in cludes the salmon, porbeagle, and maco shark (MacGregor 46). Unlike the true fishes, sharks do not have internal bone, but instead have a cartilaginous skeleton (Long). This stiff flexible sensible is found in the ridge of your nose and in your earlobes. Because cartilage does not leave fossil remains like bones, there are no fossils of antique sharks- just their teeth (Klimley 56). Little is known about great whites because they are enormous, bulky, and hard to handle. And thats when theyre dead. Their body temperature is sometimes ten to fifteen degrees Celsius warm than the surrounding water, which makes them efficient predators in cool water (Gorman 15). The back of the shark is a dull gray color and the underside is colored white. The tail is semilunar shaped. There are five gill slits on great white sharks. Studying a live great white shark up exclude and in detail is, for obvious reasons, practically impossible (Sanders 31). The great white is the only shark that can hol d its head above water to leave what is happening on the surface (MacGregor 47). It has been said that sharks do not swim through water as much as they fly through it with their pigboat like body (Gorman 25). The fins of a shark serve important roles in this action. As the shark moves the Caudal, back, fin to propel it forward, careful adjustment of the pectoral, side, and dorsal, top, fins keep the shark leve... ...is planet. For them to be driven to extinction by man, a relative newcomer, would be more than an ecological tragedy it would be a moral travesty (Gorman 29). industrial plant CitedAll About Sharks. 5 Feb 2001. <<a href="http//www.ozemail.com.au/bilsons/sharks.htm">http//www.ozemail.com.au/bilsons/sharks.htm>.Bowman, S.C. Shark Attacks. Readers Digest July. 1995 74-8.Gorman, Jessica. Inside the Great White. National Geographic Apr. 2000 2-29.Klimley, A.P, Anderson, S.D, Henderson, R.P, and P. Pyle. Great White Sharks the biological science of Carchar odon carcharias. New York American Publishing Inc., 1996.Long, Douglas. The White Shark. 5 Feb 2001 <<a href="http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/Doug/shark.html">http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/Doug/shark.html>.MacGregor, Elise. Beyond Jaws. Windsurfing Magazine. Sept/Oct. 1993 45-9.Martin, Glen. Great White Sharks. Discover. June. 1999 54-61. Sanders, Zack. A Great White Shark. Newsweek. Oct. 1996 30- 36.White Sharks. 20 Feb 2001. <<a href="http//www.aqua.org/animals/species/whitshark.html">http//www.aqua.org/animals/species/whitshark.html>.

The Secret Life Of Great White Sharks Essay -- essays research papers

Great White Sharks are greatly misinterpreted as vicious man-eaters because of the media, movies, and peoples imaginations, but they are actually large fish who mistake people for seals and other marine life. What is a great white shark? The great white, among the to the lowest degree understood of Earths creatures, is an apex predator, meaning that it is at the top of the food chain with no natural predators. This means great whites have their pull off of food when it comes to selecting their prey (Klimley 15).genus Carcharodon carcharias, better know as the great white shark, have existed as a group for over 350 million age (Long). Its name means ragged-toothed (Gorman 10). The largest white shark on record was 21 feet long and weighed 7302 pounds. Its ancestors, now extinct, were three times this size, with teeth that were six inches long (White Shark). instantly sharks are represented by over 600 species (Long). Great whites are part of a grouping know as mackerel sharks, a grouping which includes the salmon, porbeagle, and maco shark (MacGregor 46). hostile the true fishes, sharks do not have internal bone, but instead have a cartilaginous skeleton (Long). This stiff flexible material is instal in the ridge of your nose and in your earlobes. Because cartilage does not leave fossil remains same(p) bones, there are no fossils of ancient sharks- ripe their teeth (Klimley 56). Little is known about great whites because they are enormous, bulky, and hard to handle. And thats when theyre dead. Their body temperature is sometimes ten to fifteen degrees Celsius warmer than the border water, which makes them efficient predators in cool water (Gorman 15). The back of the shark is a dull gray color and the underside is colored white. The tail is crescent shaped. on that point are five gill slits on great white sharks. Studying a live great white shark up close and in detail is, for obvious reasons, practically impossible (Sanders 31). The great white is th e only shark that can hold its head above water to see what is contingency on the surface (MacGregor 47). It has been said that sharks do not swim through water as much as they fly through it with their torpedo like body (Gorman 25). The fins of a shark serve important roles in this action. As the shark moves the Caudal, back, fin to propel it forward, careful adjustment of the pectoral, side, and dorsal, top, fins keep the shark leve... ...is planet. For them to be driven to extinction by man, a relative newcomer, would be more than an ecological tragedy it would be a moral travesty (Gorman 29). Works Cited totally About Sharks. 5 Feb 2001. <<a href="http//www.ozemail.com.au/bilsons/sharks.htm">http//www.ozemail.com.au/bilsons/sharks.htm>.Bowman, S.C. Shark Attacks. Readers Digest July. 1995 74-8.Gorman, Jessica. Inside the Great White. National Geographic Apr. 2000 2-29.Klimley, A.P, Anderson, S.D, Henderson, R.P, and P. Pyle. Great White Sharks the biology of Ca rcharodon carcharias. New York American Publishing Inc., 1996.Long, Douglas. The White Shark. 5 Feb 2001 <<a href="http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/Doug/shark.html">http//www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/Doug/shark.html>.MacGregor, Elise. Beyond Jaws. Windsurfing Magazine. Sept/Oct. 1993 45-9.Martin, Glen. Great White Sharks. Discover. June. 1999 54-61. Sanders, Zack. A Great White Shark. Newsweek. Oct. 1996 30- 36.White Sharks. 20 Feb 2001. <<a href="http//www.aqua.org/animals/species/whitshark.html">http//www.aqua.org/animals/species/whitshark.html>.

Adidas Is One of the Largest Companies in the Sporting

ADIDAS MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS EFFECTIENESS ADIDAS MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS EFFECTIVENESS TABLE OF CONTENT 1. decision maker summary 3 2. Introduction 2. 1 Adidas Overview 3 2. 2 Europe free reins equipment food market overview 4, 5, 6 3. Situtational Analysis 3. 1 PESTEL Analysis.. 7, 8 3. 2 porters beers Five Forces Analysis 9 3. 3 SWOT Analysis. 10, 11 4. Consumer Analysis12, 13 5. Marketing Objectives.. 14 6. Communications Mix 6. 1 Sports presentership. 15, 16 . 2 Celebrity endorsement 16, 17 6. 3 Product placements. 17 7. Recommendations 18 8. Conclusion 18 9. Bibliography19 1. Executive summary This makeup willing measure the effectiveness of Adidass advertising campaign. To achieve this goal this tell will go through the cut market analyse and the fall guy consumers. Moreover, SWOT, PESTEL and Porters Five Forces analysis demonstrate the different opportunities in prox for Adidas and the multiple fixingss influencing the lark abouts equipment fabrication.Adidas is one the leading society in the sports equipment industriousness (with Nike, Reebok), recognizable with its three bands, and since few years he is launching very effective campaigns. This effectiveness its due to the distinction endorsement. This report will be introduced by the introduction of the overview of Adidass market and secondly the sport equipment market in general. 2. Introduction 2. 1 Adidas Overview Adidas is one of the hand close tost companies in the sporting goods manufacturing. The group has divided its operating(a) activities by major brand into three divisions Adidas, Reebok and TaylorMade-Adidas Golf.The group operates through more than 170 subsidiaries in Europe, the US and Asia, all(prenominal) focusing on a feature market or part of the manufacturing process. After the financial crisis of 2008 and economic difficulties of 2009, Adidas came back strongly in 2010 and can show an excellent year. The Group generated a get down 12 billion in sales, a gr owth of 9%, clearly outpacing his major competitors. 2. 2 Europe sports equipment market overview Adidas offers sports equipment for all sports. It provides footwear and apparel for each sport (cricket, football, running etc)England cricket team, sponsor Adidas R. Madrid football team, sponsor Adidas As we can probe in the table 1, in Europe the sports equipment market grew by 2. 1% in 2011 to reach a value of 13. 9 billion (Marketline 2012). And according to recent computes this growth will continue to increase, for more than 10% between 2011 and 2016 (Marketline, 2012). Table 1 EUROPE SPORT EQUIPMENT MARKET FIGURES Year Billion % Growth 2007 12. 7 2008 13. 1 3. 1 2009 13. 3 1. 9 2010 13. 6 2. 0 2012 13. 9 2. 1 Source MarketlineThe graph in a higher place clearly demonstrates that the French market is the most important as far as the sport equipment market is concerned, with a total value of 3. 7 billion in 2011. The German and UK market, with respectively 18% (3. 5 billion) a nd 18. 3% ( 3. 5 billion) of the market share, fit it. And then comes the Italian and Spanish market (Marketline, 2012). These five markets cover more than 72% of the European sports equipment market. Source Marketline The most valuable segment in this industry its clearly the ball sport equipment segment.Adidas is well present, as they make footballs for the homo Cup, UEFA Euro and the Champions League. These three competitions are the most watched all nearly the world (715 one million million millions pot watched the 2006 World Cup Final). FIFA World Cup 2010 UEFA Euro 2012 Champions League 12/13 According to the graph the less valuables segments are racket sport equipment (9. 5%) and play equipment (13. 6%). By adding both figures they are still inferior comparing to the ball sport equipment (25. 5%). 3. Situtational AnalysisAs mentioned above this report will analyse the leading sports equipment market, in this case the French market. 3. 1 PESTEL Analysis Through this PEST EL analysis we will analyse which factors any company has to consider, while introduction the French sports industry. POLITICAL France is a highly centralized country an elite group is dominating in the state and the corporation sectors. This situation persists despite attempts to decentralise power in last few years. Furthermore, according to the recent report corruption is perceived to be widespread in French politics. Datamonitor, 2011) sparing From 1999 to 2007 Frances exports share in eurozone felled by 16%, and French exports were of a value of $595 billion in 2010 (declined by 4. 6%). This will affect the prospects of the French economy in the near future. (Datamonitor, 2011) For a company handle Adidas, which exports a lot to Asia with a total market of 2, 972 million in China and separate Asian markets, it can effects their sales. (Marketline, 2012) SOCIAL The French population is becoming aged. Indeed, more than 17% of the population have more than 65 years (Insee, 20 12).The administration is expecting to allow 4% of the GDP to healthcare, pensions and dependency care related to the aged people. (Datamonitor, 2011) TECHNOLOGICAL After the industrial age France is moving towards technological age. Indeed, we can see it by the number of patents deposited at the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the figure reached 124,723 in 2010. (Datamonitor, 2011) In the other hand, the Government will withdraw the theory of Young Innovative Company, it will have is impact on the industrial growth and may reduce investments in the country. (Datamonitor, 2011) ENVIRONMENTALFrance was very active to furbish up agreements on environmental protection and sustainable information and in the strengthening of inter content governance. In addition, with Norway, France initiated the Global Forest Partnership in 2010. (Datamonitor, 2011) But as the technological factors, the country is non encouraging and fulfilling his agreements. Indeed, last year France was a ssigned to the EU Court of Justice by the European Commission for its lack of assist in the industrial emissions regulations. The European Commission was telling that France has more than 60 factories that have not got environmental authorization of the EU. Datamonitor, 2011) LEGAL Foreign investments increased by more than 20% couple of years ago, 782 projects lead to nearly 32,000 job. Most of these projects were related to the renewable energy sector. In 2010, non-national companies based in France created two million jobs. Many of the governments tax and labour reforms have been met with cynicism and public protests. The government may increase weekly working hours from 35 to 39 and destroy the wealth tax limpot de solidarite sur la fortune. However, these moves will face public outrage and demonstration. 3. 2 Porters Five Forces AnalysisWe aim to measure an industrys captivatingness and long-term profitability through Porters Five Forces analysis. Adidas and his competitor, as Nike, have reach to branch out in to retail after the industry of sports equipment has seen in recent years a great development of forward integration (as sportswear manufacturers). Despite the presence of major groups, in the French market of sports equipment, the market is still fragmented. Buyer power is becoming very strong, as there is a wide range of products available, and the existence of verse of retailers and also the fact that some large firms have integrated forwards into retail.The expenses in sports equipment and apparel vary following the emergence of trends for particular sports. Another factor that influence purchases is the weather. Its still possible to enter the French market by producing for example small quantities of custom-made golf and to have some economies of scales such(prenominal) as bulk buying. But, as seen in recent years the uninspiring revenue growth makes entry a less attractive for new entrants. The trustfulness on sales of sports equipment i s reduced as many firms sell sports footwear and apparel in the French market. Rivalry is weakened as many large companies outsource their manufacturing. Marketline, 2012) Source Marketline 3. 3 SWOT Analysis SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths Weaknesses * Strong portfolio * Continuous look for and development * Strong performance after 2010 FIFA World Cup * Worldwide presence * Dependence on third party manufacturing * Unfunded postretirement obligations will impact cash flows adversely Opportunities Threats * Reorganization to improve dexterity * Sponsoring major sports events * Global footwear market is growing * Counterfeit products * Competition * Fluctuations of foreign currencies Adidas has in his portfolio three brands, as follows Adidas, Reebok and TaylorMade-adidas Golf. Adidas is well present all around the world, Reebok is improving day by day (for instance Thierry Henry is sponsored by Reebok), and TaylorMade-adidas Golf is the less known brand of his portfolio. Beca spend of t heir policy to encourage research and development allows Adidas to come out with new and better products to face competition of Nike. As mentioned above Adidas makes football for major football competition and it benefits of the success of these competitions.After the establishment in the European and American markets, Adidas is targeting Asian market (total market of 2, 972 million in China and other Asian markets). (Marketline, 2012) As Adidas outsource 95% of his production to Asian country (32% of his suppliers are Chinese) it cannot control the calibre of his product. Indeed, several products made in China have been recall by many US companies after the yield of the Consumer Product Safety Commission report. The company cannot tolerate a lack of quality in front of Nike, in order to keep market shares.The company provides retirements benefits to most of their employees. According to a recent report, the company planned pensions of 67 million but they reached 74 million, so an unfunded office of 7 million. (Marketline, 2012) In order to enhance its efficiency Adidas undertook reorganization. Indeed, the company moved to a function-related structure from a vertically integrated brand structure. Adidas has many agreements for sports events * Australia Olympic Committee until 2016 * japan Football Association until 2015 * Spanish Football Federation until 2018 * Argentine Football Association until 2022 FIFA World Cup 2014 * UEFA EURO 2016 * UEFA Champions League * 11 year global agreements with the NBA (official sponsor NBA, Womens NBA and the NBA Development League) These events will help the company to en enhance its brand image and awareness among customers and also to strength its profitability. The global footwear market, not only the European market, has shown a growth in recent years. According to Datamonitor, the global footwear market grew by 2. 6% in 2009 to reach a value of $196. 3 billion. Footwear, clothing, accessories and sportswear are the largest segments, accounting for 67. % of the markets total value. Markets forecast will reach the value of $230. 8 billion by 2014, representing an increase of 17. 6% from 2009. (Marketline, 2012) With the development of Asian countries, and the outsourcing of manufacturing of western companies in these countries, the counterfeit has increased and its a reel threat for companies. Adidas his facing competition of freehanded companies, we identify as Adidas important competitors Nike, Puma, Callaway Golf Company and New Balance. As last threat we see the fluctuations of foreign currencies.For instance, in India a brand like Adidas is for the high-class society otherwise they cannot afford a football shirt, which cost about 60?. (Marketline, 2012) 4. Consumer Analysis CONSUMER SEGMENTATION BASES Behavioural Demographic * User status * Usage rate * Usage occasion * Brand loyalty * Benefits sought * Income * Age * Sex * Race * Family Psychographic Geographic * Values * Opinions * At titudes Activities * Lifestyle * International * regional This table shows the consumer segmentation bases that any company can use.They are usually the same regardless of the sector. Companies use segmentation in order to divid into groups consumers that have some characteristics and needs in common (Doole et al. , 2005). Hence, the company can attract easily those groups with items products. As his main competitor, Nike, Adidas target particularly young and middle age that confide sport. Another category of Adidass consumers has made by teams supporters (Real Madrid sold 1. 4 million shirts, Goal. com). Furthermore, there is a turnover of 1. 2 billion in goods related to football (Reuters 2012).Because of is large portfolio the company attract different customer markets with each brand, for instance golf interested consumers with TaylorMade-adidas Golf. The following perceptual map shows the position of Adidas as a company offering high quality products for a High price. Foot L ocker and K-Swiss try to attract people with a glare income, whereas Nike and Puma apply the same price-quality strategy than Adidas. The competitive advantage of Adidas in comparison to those two companies, however, is its positive brand image. At least, in the decision-making units (D. M.U) we may be influence by friends, the press or by the companys advertising. The person who buys, decides and uses is usually the same. 5. Marketing Objectives As any company, which is not the leader in his sector, Adidas has as objective to try to extend his market shares and in long terms strategy to be the leader by a continuous research and development of innovation. Through these innovations steps Adidas can provide comprehensive solutions to his customers (Kotlet and Keller, 2009). One of the reasons of Adidass campaigns effectiveness is his brand awareness with his three bands logo.And also is slogan insurmountable is nothing, outpace our limits make the impossible possible. In a survey r eported by SportsOne (2010), 98. 8% of the respondent pool aged 13 and up that purchased athletic footwear or apparel could associate at each one of the brand elements to the company name. And another hear factor is the role of repute endorsement. Through this marketing tool fans can associate themselves to the celebrity and to the brand. 6. Communications Mix In order to target a wide audience and to mannequin its brand equity, Adidas uses several marketing communications tools.According to Duncan and Moriarty the brand delivers impressions, that can strengthen or weaken customers views of a company, on each contact it has with his customers. Kotler and Keller reinforce this as they said the shape and colour of the package, the products style and price, the store decor, the salespersons (dress and manner) communicates to buyers. 6. 1 Sports sponsorship Because they benefits of a large coverage, sports activities are more attractive to sponsors (Fill, 2011). Indeed, sport events are the most sponsored because * They attract large audience * Simplistic measure of segmentation Events duration permits to be more visible As shown above Adidass main segment is football with a market share of 34% (Chazouilleres, 2010). Therefore, Adidass sponsorship with major football teams has been motivated because of the attraction of large and specific target audiences with whom a degree of fit is considered to exist (Fill, 2011). Amongst football teams we can mention clubs like Real Madrid (2nd largest fans group in world), Chelsea (6th) national teams as Argentina, Spain and of course the sponsorships of major football competition for years (FIFA World Cup, Olympics). Sponsorship is one of the important parts of the communications mix because it allows companies to communicate without the clutter of advertising. Of all types of sponsorship sport has captioned most attention and money (Fill, 2011). 6. 2 Celebrity endorsement In particular, a celebrity endorser should have a high level of visibleness and a rich set of potentially useful associations, judgements and feelings (McCracken, 1989). Therefore, celebrities can play a more strategic role for their brands, not only by endorsing a product but also helping to design, position and sell merchandise and services.In these last years Adidas has sponsored many famous football players as Zinedine Zidane, David Beckham. Nowadays the main celebrity endorsed by Adidas is definitely Lionel Messi. They aim to attract football fans, and Adidas launched couple of weeks ago special football shoes for Lionel Messi (AdiZero F50, with a computer chip inside). 6. 3 Product placements Another tool of the communications mix is the product placement. This tool consists of putting his products, usually, in movies. Adidas uses this media because its a billion dollar market (Scevak, 2001).But since a decade product placement is not only made in movies but in all types of TV shows (Steinberg and Vranica, 2004). Since the release of Blades of Glory, we know that figure skating without Adidas is simply not the truth. The main characters guide you through the whole movie. In 2007 Adidas was already present in Norbit, Stomp the Yard and The Messengers. 7. Recommendations For the future Adidas should be more aware about his brand image. Outsourcing 98% of his production in Asian country can affect his brand image because of the poor quality these manufacturers offer.By outsourcing his production can damage is research and development, which cost a lot. These two things, innovation and lack of quality, dont match. Adidas should handle it as soon as possible in order to extend his market shares and face the competition. The company should continue to sign celebrities as they currently do. The celebrity endorsement is the main key of the marketing campaigns. But Adidas should not only focus on football market (even if is reliable market). It shows that company depends a lot on it. If in the future the marke t goes down, Adidas can be heavily affects by this.An ultimate recommendation can be to reinforce his presence on social networks as its use is growing amongst the youth market. 8. Conclusion In this report we gave an overview of Adidas and the European sports equipment market. And we remarked that Adidas is the leading group in football industry, and the 2nd in sports equipment industry (after Nike). Then the report focused on the French sports equipment market. We analysed the market through two analyses, as follows PESTEL, Porters five forces and we made the SWOT analysis for Adidas. Targeted consumer are analysed nd marketing objectives are given to know how Adidas approach these consumers. We choose three different tools sports sponsorship, celebrity endorsement and product placement in order to inform the communication strategy used by Adidas. Finally, recommendations are done on how, in future, Adidas can maintain his leading position in the football industry and how to ex tend market shares and how face the competition. 9. Bibliography Marketline (2012) Industry Profile Europe Sports Equipment Marketline (2012) Industry Profile France Sports Equipment Datamonitor (2011) Country Analysis Report FranceDatamonitor (2011) Company Profile adidas AG Institut national de la statistique et des etudes economiques Insee (2012) Bilan demographique SportsOne (2010) Doole, I. , Lancaster, P. and Lowe, R. (2005) Understanding and managing customers, Essex FT Prentice Hall Kotler, P. and Keller, K. L. (2009) Marketing Management, 13th Edition, Pearson International Edition Duncan, T. and Moriarty, S. (2006) How Integrated Marketing Communications link Points can operationalize the service-dominant logic, The Service-Dominant Logic of Marketing Dialog, Debate, and DirectionsFill, C. (2011) Essentials of marketing communications, 1st Edition, Prentice Hall Steinberg, B. and Vranica, S. (2004) Prime-Time TVs New Guest Stars Products, Wall Street Journal, January 13 , 2004 McCracken, G. (1989) Who is the celebrity endorser? Cultural foundations of the endorsement process, Journal of Consumer Research, December 1989, 16 Scevak, N. (2001) The Evolution of Product Placement Available URL http//www. internetnews. com/bus-news/article. php/785431/The+Evolution+of +Product+Placement. htm

Analysis of Attitudes to Student Housing

Chapter ONEIntroduction1.1BACKGROUND TO THE STUDYStudent caparison is an indian lodgeate constituent of the substructure of any university campus. They are even more of import in a private university. It is of import that school-age child lodging installations should let pupils to transference out their academic activities freely while promoting societal interaction. Completed residential edifices should non merely be fit for the intent of the users, but besides be commensurate to execute their maps in such ways as to guarantee comparative occupants ecstasy ( Liu, 1999 ) .Research has shown that physiqueers and edifice users differ in their criterions or thoughts about the dash edifices should look or run. The designer is normally concerned with aesthetics, economic system, structural stableness, operativeity, fulfilling the client while the user is oral sexly concerned with how best the edifice accommodates his activities.It is inevitable for eruptment of the design ex ecution oddly in structured establishments with the possible to transport out similar design and building undertakings that an rating of the public demo of their existing installations is carried out. The core of certain physical and psychological facets of a edifice on the users productiveness tidy sum non be understated.It is necessary that an appraisal of pupil inn installations and their functionality be carried out. This formal rating of the built environment is called Post Occupancy rating ( POE ) and it is the rating of a edifice with accent placed on its functional characteristics instead than the aesthetics, proficient and economical characteristics entirely. Post Occupancy Evaluation aims to enable clients, determination shapers, and operators of assorted installations to supply better environments for clients, residents, and users ( Cubukcu and Isitan, 2011 ) .Student perceptual experiences can be assessed in footings of both proficient ( i.e. , acoustic and ocular relief ) and functional ( i.e. , room coatings and room layout ) demands. However, proficient and functional edifice public presentations are considered as two different facets that can be used to explicate student residential satisfaction ( Hassanain, 2008 cited in Akinluyi, 2013 ) .Similar surveies ( Foubert et Al, 1998, Amole, 2009a & A Khozaei et al. , 2010 ) in utilizing a different attack have factored in direction of the installations, this includes elements such as inn regulations and fees and the attitudes of inn employees. Several factors can be used to measure overall satisfaction with pupil lodging, including physical variables such as installations and excess services ( Hassanain, 2008 ) . Social variables such as pupil relationships, herding and privateness may besides be considered as factors used to measure user satisfaction.This systematic method evaluates the success and failures of completed design undertakings. Such information could be utilizedTo better the c ompleted and afterlife design undertakings by better informing the interior decorators of the users demands and better bing edifice public presentation by modifying care and direction patterns.To make an indifferent entrepot for specific types of design undertakings ( such as infirmary and airdrome design or design of a university campus ) .To develop design guidelines for future design undertakings.1.2STATEMENT OF difficultyMany edifices do non execute as planned, roughly end up functioning an wholly different intent from that for which ground they were constructed. In some instances this can impact on running costs and care, user and client satisfaction and public presentation, wellness, safety and comfort.Harmonizing to Akinluyi ( 2013 ) , for repetition building clients such as universities, larning from, and rectifying past errors in design and commissioning of edifices can be highly cost-efficient and better the public presentation of the establishment in general, its inst allations in peculiar and greatly better all-around productiveness of the pupils.Housing installations, as before stated, is particularly of import in universities and it is of import that these installations meet the demands of the user for maximal user satisfaction. Harmonizing to Awolesi ( 2008 ) , designs are cosmos constrained by utmost boundaries of cost and economic system, aesthetic considerations, the infinite demands of the clients, or as prevalent in establishments, the demand to do the edifice mull the bing architectural manner of its immediate environment or typology and this consequences in constructions that sometimes compromise criterions and most times do non see the demands of the proposed users.While there is a demand for considerations of economic system, aesthetics and the of import demands of the client, the users demands do non hold to be sacrificed wholly. Residents satisfaction is one of the major determiners of edifice public presentation, quality and the success of the design undertaking.This survey seeks to analyze the story of satisfaction of pupils with the lodging installations provided by the school. In peculiar, it investigates the first male and female inns built by the Physical Planning and phylogenesis Department of the Covenant University and the arc mark of satisfaction of pupils with the infinites provided within the halls.1.3RESEARCH QUESTIONSHow functional are the infinites provided within the halls?How do pupils react to the infinites in footings of satisfaction?Does sex impact the story of user satisfaction of pupils?1.4AIM AND OBJECTIVESThe purpose of this survey is to measure the station tenancy use of two of the pupil inn installations in Covenant University as it relates to the degree of satisfaction of the pupils with the inn installations and how much these responses are determined by the gender of the pupils.To accomplish this purpose, the more specific aims areTo analyze the inn installations ( viz. Est her abidance and Peter planetary house ) in footings of users satisfaction.To measure the students usage and response to these installations and the infinites within.To analyze how much this reaction is determined by the gender of the pupils.To analyze the quality of the students lodging based on the users responses and satisfaction with the installations.1.5Justification OF THE STUDYThis survey is of import because the pupil lodging installations are an of import portion of the built environment in university campuses. This is particularly so in private universities peculiarly where it is compulsory for all pupils to shack on the campus in inn installations provided by the school.It go away measure to what terminus the gender of pupils affect the usage and perceptual experience of the infinites within the inn installations and the installations in general and how these infinites can be better adapted to accommodate the demands and demands of the different genders without unde composed-looking economic system in design and execution ( i.e. building ) . This survey will assist to measure the success of completed design undertakings and measure the extent to which the designers purpose and outlooks are aligned with the users demands.1.6Significance OF THE STUDYThe survey is aimed at measuring the degree of user satisfaction of pupils in Esther and Peter Halls in Covenant University. It will measure how good the edifices match the demands of the male and female pupils and place ways to better public presentation and fittingness for intent.It will besides analyze the consequence of gender on user response to infinites in footings of satisfaction. The survey will therefore add to the organic structure of cognition every bit good as inform University decision makers on how to student inns can be better designed to accommodate the demands of the pupils. It will besides supply feedback on the degree of satisfaction of the users of the pupil inns being studied.1.7 Scope OF THE STUDYThe survey will measure the types of inn installations available in Covenant University with focal point on Esther Hall and Peter Hall. Covenant University is a private university located in Sango-Ota. It was founded in 2002 by the Living Faith Commission in Canaan land, Ota. The University has 4 chief colleges. They are the College of Business, College of Leadership and Developmental Studies, College of Science and Technology and College of Engineering. The University is good planned with clearly defined subdivisions such as the residential country, academic country, and recreational countries amongst others. The University is to the serious residential ( for the pupils ) with 10 inn installations ( 5 male and 5 female inns ) provided to decently house the increasing pupil population.The male inns are the Peter Hall, capital of Minnesota Hall, John Hall, Joseph Hall and Daniel Hall.The female inns are Esther Hall, Mary Hall, Deborah Hall, Lydia Hall and Dorcas Ha ll.Esther and Peter Hall are the oldest inn installations, built when the school was founded in 2002. These halls have the alike design but are occupied by pupils of the two genders.The survey will measure the public presentation of the infinites provided in these halls based on the degree of pupil satisfaction.1.8LIMITATIONS OF STUDYDue to the nature of the survey, the following are the restrictions that were experiencedThe rawness of the research worker.The unanticipated response of users/occupants.Insufficient clip. The clip restraint was a major restriction.1.9RESEARCH methodologyThis survey will basically utilize primary beginnings of information. Data was obtained from occupant pupils across assorted programmes of survey within the capable halls of abode utilizing structured questionnaires. randomization is achieved by administering these questionnaires across the assorted wings and floors in the halls of abode in a systematic manner. There are 7 wings in apiece of the hall s with 4 floors and 8 suites on each floor, except for A and G wings with 5 suites on each floor. The questionnaires will be distributed to at least 2 pupils on each floor.1.10DEFINITION OF TERMSAppraisalThis is a opinion of a edifice based on certain selected standards.Constructing PerformanceThis is the mode in which a edifice maps. It has different facets some of which are quantitative in nature while others are qualitative. Some of these facets are energy direction, life-cycle costing, illuming, acoustics, humidness, thermic comfort and spacial relationships.GenderGender may be defined as the belongingss that distinguish beings on the footing of their generative functions.Post-Occupancy EvaluationPreiser et Al. ( 1988 ) defines Post-Occupancy Evaluation as the procedure of measuring edifices in a systematic and strict mode after they have been built and occupied for some time . Friedman ( Friedman et al, 1978 ) defines Post Occupancy Evaluation from an anthropometric position a s an assessment of the grade to which a designed scene satisfies and supports explicit and implicitly human demands and values of those for whom a edifice is designedStudent HousingKhozaei et Al. ( 2010 ) define pupil lodging as a dumbly populated constructing with many suites in which each room contains several beds. Harmonizing to this definition, pupil lodging installations provide kiping and populating quarters, normally without private bathrooms or lavatories, for a big figure of people. It normally consists of many communal infinites such as baths, washs and in some instances common suites. Student lodging goes by many names, such as halls of abode, pupil residence hall and inns.User SatisfactionUser satisfaction is a procedure of mensurating what was received and what was expected. It is the positive experience expressed by residents when their lodging installation meets their outlooks for unit characteristics, services and installations provided.

Alcohol Advertising

The world of advertising is exciting and diverse. It has the ability to influence society to follow certain trends or ideas. Every where you cheek there is some form of advertising. From television to radio, magazines to billboards, product advertising is a large factor in what we do. alcoholic drink advertising is one of the largest branches of advertising. Millions of dollars each category is spent to advertise alcohol. The ads use tactics to incite people to use their product. Many times people ar shown smiling and having a good time. other(a) ads have shown beautiful women talking to plain guys because the guy was drinking a certain type of beer.Focusing on one ad in particular(prenominal) is the Absolut Vodka advertising. The ad uses popular trends combined with the vodka product to produce a pun on that certain trend. The ads tend to be very funny and sometimes line a bold statement. The Absolut Vodka ads are so popular that there was a book published with a collection o f all the ads. The Absolut ads tend to appeal to teenageer demographics. The ads are cutting edge and exciting. They are often funny or make fun of serious issues. Young people are incited by these ads because they are different and bold.The ad also promotes the ideal that if you drink Absolut Vodka you too will be bold and exciting. In this advertisement for Absolut Vodka the bottle is an image of bags with a use up background. The meaning of most Absolut Vodka ads is political. The meaning of this advertisement has to do with Sweden years ago. The ad also gives the viewer the idea if you drink Absolut Vodka you will move up in the world. It also presents the ideas of going places and of a high status. Personally this ad does not make myself want to go out and drink. I think this particular ad might be focused at an older audience.The cool looking design of the bottle in all of the Absolut Vodka advertisements does appeal to the eye and many young viewers. Alcohol advertising pl ays a major role in underage drinking. The fun and exciting ad? s appeal to young people inciting them to drink. Alcohol advertising should be banned from the younger adult set magazines and not also should not be aired on television channels direct at the younger set. I think that this would greatly help reduce the statistics of underage drinking. Alcohol advertising is not just change alcohol its selling trouble.

Disembodied Existence Essay

A linguistic philosopher heavily supports this statement, since it is a contradiction in terms, using their monistic thoughts. To them life after death, is a contradictory imagination, because you can non continue to live, after you guide died it would be surviving death. The concept of disembodied existence to the linguistic philosopher cannot be limpidly explained because it is a contradiction, as they already hold the presupposition of monism, which weighs that soul and body argon one entity, which cannot be separated. For them a disembodied existence, is not an p pushence and in that locationfore using linguistic philosophy, the premise of disembodied existence does not hold well, because there should be no life after death.Other thinkers gestate criticised with this type of philosophy, hardly they themselves are dualists. For example, Schlick argues that it is possible to have life after death, by claiming you could witness your own funeral. It now, becomes plausible th at disembodied survival is coherent and not a contradiction in terms, from this point of view, as mind and body after death could have been have been separated, as they are composite natures, to the dualist. So when the body is experiencing the funeral processes, your mind can be watching from somewhere else.Pronouns, much(prenominal) as you, her and so on, are used in linguistic philosophy to refer the person, and mainly the physicality of the person, simply if the context changes, the misbegotings of the pronouns can be applied to others things, such as the non- physical objects. Subsequently, it is also valid to claim that, the pronoun I is not like the other pronouns. When you use the word, I- it is not in reference to the physicality of yourself, but you are referring to your mentality. It is subjective, and personal. The I does not refer to the body but to the mind inside the body, and therefore if people can talk about themselves without consideration of their body, then d isembodied existence of both themselves and others, becomes less contradictory and coherent from this point of view.On the other hand, even if the linguistics were to accept the life after death proposition, they could argue the problems of identification, because now, we recognise others, by their physicality. We look at a person and think, Ah yes brown hair- that is Susan. Others know the person by their physical natures, like voice and so forth. However, when we are in this afterlife world, how are we to recognise severally other without a body or voice? To them, identification of others becomes impossible without the body, and therefore they advocate that the disembodied survival, to not just now a contradiction and incoherent, but problematic.Although, many arguments have attacked this stand, the easiest approach to this problem is to argue that a person knows another person, not only by their physicality, but also by their own, classifiable and unique personality. For dualis ts, personality is not part of the physicality, but a mind state. As a result, if disembodied existence is to be accepted, for a dualist, the identification of others is not a contradiction, and is logical and coherent.The coherency of disembodied existence can be supported by cases of telepathy, which also regards the workings of mind states, without physical input. Telepathy shows that the concept of disembodied survival is not only conceivable, and can be understood coherently and telepathy is somewhat of tangible evidence, as it can be proved, with stringent tests, also by analysing the records already at our disposal, because the mind can work independently to the body.The other problem, of proclaiming the philosophy of disembodied life after death, is continuation. For us to survive death and even begin to discuss the chances of an after life, there must be this non-stop flow a continuity of us. The person who dies and survives death should be us, we are the ones to move in t o the afterlife. Physco- physical advocate, John Hicks uses his famous, Replica Theory, in order to show that, continuity is logical possibility.Hicks start by saying imagine a person sitting somewhere, and then all of a sudden stops existing in that place, only to exist somewhere else, without journeying to that new place. Some could argue this person is not the actual person who had disappeared, but examining the person in question thoroughly, such as memories, stomach contents and fingerprints, it does turn out to be them, even if they themselves do not know how they got there in the first place. The person at the second place would be regarded as an exact replica of the person who died. The replica is created as soon the person dies, and they cannot exist simultaneously.Then imagine, if that person died, and emerged in the second place. Even though this is not ordinary, it could happen. He uses these two instances to claim, that if a person dies here, only to reappear in another world, it can happen, and nothing is awry(p) with assuming that it does happen. This theory is used to show the continuity of ourselves, in entering the after life. It seems coherent and completely logical, thus disembodied existence is not contradiction.Admittedly, there are problems with this theory, as it does not prove continuity at all, because the replica becomes the problem. When we die, the replica is going to the after life, not us -the original. The continuity stops for the briefest of moments, when the replicas are made, and from that point, the argument no longer is coherent, as it tries to advocate continuity but becomes contradictory, because the replica, used to maintain the coherence, becomes the article that starts the contradiction, because it stop the coherence. It seems that if talks of disembodied survival were to be taken into account, the coherency, the lack of evidence and the frequency of its contradiction would become a major issue, in particularly with t he Replica Theory.An explanation for a type of disembodied existence can be explained by using both subjective and objective immortality arguments. Beginning with subjective immortality, it proposes that Jesus teaching and Gospel records, the resurrection and the fact that we believe in a matinee idol of love, we can justified in believing that we could have a disembodied existence.Other reasons stem from the philosophical reasoning at hand, such as Platos and Kants philosophy, which argues for the souls immortality, and in addition the human capacity to even experience the eternal does seem to mean that there must be something that is eternal is us.It is disputed, admittedly, that even though we can experience little of the concept eternal we do not necessarily have to be eternal. There are qualities that are associated with the divine, that we seem to be aware of , such as compassion and forgiveness, and still we are not divine ourselves. therefrom disembodied survival can not b e coherently explainedIn addition, it is not reasonable to argue from the Platonic version of the immortal soul or the moral argument as represented by Kant, because there is no empirical evidence to support either of these. The immortality of the soul is highly dependent on the world of the Forms which has yet to be proven, just like, the Kantian moral argument, which calls for there to be a God to provide us with the summum bonum in another life. Again, God is an unproven, unsupported concept. An argument cannot be used to prove something else, if it is not proved itself.

Entrepreunership of Indra Nooyi Essay

INTRODUCTIONIndra Krishnamurthy Nooyi(born 28 october 1956) is an Indian-the Statesn businesswoman who is currently the Chairman and chief executive officer of PepsiCo which is the worlds second largest food and beverage business in terms of net revenue. She is one of the Worlds 100 close to tidy Women as class-conscious by Forbes magazine. In 2014, she was pointed 13 in the list of Forbes Worlds 100 most potent women.Early life and careerNooyi was born to a Tamil Family in Madras (presently Chennai), Tamil Nadu, India. She was better at Holy Angels Anglo Indian Higher Secondary School in Madras. She received a Bachelors degree in Physics, Chemistry and math from Madras Christian College in 1974 and a Post Graduate Diploma in Management (MBA) from Indian Institute of Management Calcutta in 1976. Beginning her career in India, Nooyi held product manager positions at Johnson & Johnson and textile firm MetturBeardsell. She was admitted to Yale School of Management in 1978 and ea rned a Masters degree in general and Private Management. While at Yale, she completed her summer internship with Booz Allen Hamilton. Graduating in 1980, Nooyi joined the Boston Consulting Group (BCG), and then held strategy positions at Motorola and Asea Brown Boveri.PepsiCo executiveNooyi joined PepsiCo in 1994 and was named president and CFO in 2001. Nooyi has directed the companys global strategy for much than a decade and led PepsiCos restructuring, including the 1997 divestiture of its restaurants into Tricon, now known as Yum Brands.Nooyi also took the lead in the acquisition of Tropicana in 1998, and merger with Quaker Oats Company, which also brought Gatorade to PepsiCo. In 2006 she became the fifth CEO in PepsiCos 44-year history. According to BusinessWeek, since she started as CFO in 2000, the companys annual revenues declare risen 72%, while net profit more than doubled, to $5.6 billion in 2006. Nooyi was named on Wall Street Journals list of 50 women to watch in 2007 and 2008, and was listed amongTimes 100 Most Influential People in The World in 2007 and 2008. Forbes named her the 3 most powerful woman in 2008. In 2014, she was ranked 13 by Forbes.Fortune ranked her the 1 most powerful woman in business in 2009 and 2010. On the 7th of October 2010 Fortune magazine ranked her the 6th most powerful woman in the world.INDRA NOOYIS CHARACTERISTICS AS AN ENTREPRENEURHARDWORKING-Nooyi recommends not sitting on your laurels just because you have attained a high rank in the professional sphere. A tireless worker herself, she gets only 5 hours of sleep a night, and continuously educates herself, re-evaluating her decisions and ensuring that she is keeping the best interest of the company and its employees in mind. To her, her employees are like an extended family, and she ensures that their needs and concerns are addressed so as to ensure the overall running efficiency of the company. The formal and impersonal ambiance at PepsiCo, therefore, is a frien dly one where her receptionist is known to have fielded calls from her daughter regarding home work and television privileges.PRUDENCE (WISE)-Nooyi said she tries to ascribe positive role to everything people do or say. When you do that its so much better to deal with people, Nooyi said. Does that mean I give people more dress circle than I need to? Yeah, but Im very comfortable with it. In this way, she aims to cultivate trusting relationships with both colleagues and direct reports, and to focus on developing executive talent. Its a style that encourages entrepreneurial thinking across the company, says Reinemund, her predecessor and another influential mentor.PLANNING AND ORGANIZING-Nooyis strategic measures to tackle the slow-down in the beverages and snack food industry included a productivity improvement program, the benefits of which were pass judgment to the tune of US$ 1.2 billion over the next terzetto yearsbeginning 2009. Other measures under her leadership included aggressive expansion into the emerging markets of Brazil, Russia, China, When Nooyi was SVP, the strategic measures that she planned and implemented resulted in a growth in PepsiCos sales and profits.INNOVATIONShe implemented a number of measures to improve the sustainability of the companys operations and image by focusing on improvements in the health implications of PepsiCo products.Measures such as removing trans-fats from PepsiCo snacks, product innovations in the Quaker Oats brand to come out with a range of consumer perceived healthy snacks, categorization of its snacks into three categories named fun for you, good for you, and better for you were undertaken under her leadership.ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATIONForbes magazine ranked Nooyi fourth on the 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 lists of The Worlds 100 Most Powerful Women. Fortune magazine has named Nooyi number one on its annual ranking of Most Powerful Women in business for 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010. In 2 008, Nooyi was named one of Americas Best Leaders by U.S. News & World Report. In 2008, she was elected to the Fellowship of the American Academy of Arts and SciencesRISK TAKINGPepsi faces rising yield costs, lackluster U.S. sales, and attacks on its core snack and soda products from both competitors and health-conscious critics. As the companys head and, since May, its chairman, Nooyi is victorious on Pepsis challenges. And Nooyi, who formally took the CEO reins in October 2006, is giving Pepsis employees and shareholders good reason to ride her train a powerful locomotive that has driven the companys stock up 22% in the 12 months through Dec. 4, near a 52-week high. In May, the company hiked its dividend 25% and boosted its share buyback goal to $4.3 billion from$3.3 billion. Revenue is expected to rise more than 10% this year.BARRIERS TO INDRA NOOYI-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORSNooyi used to announce a specific profit target that the company will gain. But the company was unable to ga in that much profit. So this annoyed the investors. During her tenure pepsi has often failed to hit her statuted profit target, which investor consider an unforgivable scene.ECONOMIC FACTORS-Capital requirements are low for taking over a franchise, and profit margins are stratospheric. Nooyis plan looked plausible, and investors seemed willing to give it a chance they pushed the stock down only incrementally despite the astonishingly downbeat profit forecast. Now she absolutely must execute the plan against strong and merciless competitors in a volatile economic environment.COMPETITIVE FACTOR-The company is acquire beaten up in its flagship product category, drinks, in the worlds largest market, North America. The soda pop planets shifted in their orbits last year when Pepsi-Cola was displaced as Americas eternal No. 2 carbonated soft drink, Coca-Cola was at No. 1 the new No. 2 is Diet Coke. That reordering is curiously distressing to investors because there is scarcely a more be autiful business in the world than producing branded soft drink concentrate.PERSONALITY FACTORS-Irate investors have been calling for Pepsi to sell off its snack food business or for Nooyi to step down, or at least announce a likely successor. She did none of that at the presentation. Instead, by outlining a plan that will take two years to pay off, she bespeaked that she has the boards support. But if that plan doesnt show clear signs of working before year-end, the boards support could evaporate. Thats why the next several months are make-or-break for her.

Young children learn problem solving though playing

Peoples frequently think that caper is alone dramatic event. Children merely drama and they leave alone non take on anything when they play. The existent feature is that kids argon larning when they atomic number 18 playing. Children merely hold up what drama is as this is a self-generated act. Children do non necessitate to fill how to play but they must(prenominal) be guided when they play in recite to accomplish the acquisition nonsubjective. Most surveies have portrayed drama as an activity, which has a important positive impact on kids s evolution such as ( Bruner 1990 ) .Garvey ( 1977 ) gave a utile description of drama for instructors when she described drama as unique to the kids and grownup should non transfuse their constructs into it and seek to direct the drama activity. Play should be child initiated with the facilitation from the grownup to liberaln and spread out.Play, both say and adrift, is a critical in the development of larning for unvaned kids. Har monizing to Bloom ( 1964 ) , play influences rational development ( Isenberg & A Jalongo 1997 ) . And drama helps kids to larn forward-looking constructs, to advance, promote kids s problem-solving accomplishments in a natural, variation manner.Many early childhood pedagogues have recognised the fact that drama is the most effectual and powerful ways for immature kids to larn. Dewey ( 1916, 1938 ) countd that kids learn about themselves and their universe by means of drama ( citied in Joan P. Isenberg & A Mary Renck Jalongo, 1997 ) . With concrete stuffs, chances, meaningful first manus experiences would let kids to derive new understanding during drama. As drama is a cosmopolitan activity, kids know how to play and they do non necessitate to be taught. It is drama that influences kids s acquisition and their development. Play avail kids to develop physically, cognitively, emotionally every bit good as societal accomplishments which they will necessitate in their later in lif e in secernate to populate independently. We all know that kids s occupation is to play, as kids play, they learn about themselves and others around the universe, intensifying their apprehension and edifice on their familiar cognition. both theory and research supports such a relationship ( Erikson, 1963 Fromberg, 1998, 2002 Frost et al. , 2001 Johnson et al. , 1999 Monighan-Nourot & A Van Hoorn, 1991 Piaget, 1962 ) .Isaacs ( 1933 ) claimed that, Play is a kid s life and the agencies by which he grows to understand the universe he lives in. ( citied in Macintyre 2001, p. 3 ) .How does Play Impact Learning and Development in Young Children?Play contributes to cultivate success in many ways research has showed that every competence of import to school success is enhanced by drama ( Isenberg & A Quisenberry, 2002 Singer, 2006 ) . In the research literary unravels ( Singer et al. , 2006 Smilansky, 1990 Van Hoorn, Nourot, Scales & A Alward, 2007 ) , it has document ed that in that location atomic number 18 connexions between the complexness of kids s make-believe drama, early literacy, mathematical thought and lineage resolvent.When kids argon playing they have the chances to utilize their mental representations of the universe to associate to new objects, people and state of affairss which is the cardinal ability for the future academic acquisition. Physical, societal, emotional, rational, and linguistic talk development are all integrate in kids s drama. Children have a natural motive to larn when they are engaged in the things they are interested ( Shonkoff & A Phillips, 2000 ) .Children will be able to develop constructs and skills together as they are integrated in the context of meaningful and playful experiences. For illustration, a four-year-old kid learns to compose the letters in her name, making so, she is besides larning the construct that each missive represents a sound, and she will be extremely motivated by the significanc e which is her ain name. Skills have limited value without constructs. Example, a kid who is able to number to five by rote, she will non hold the construct of five, unless she understands the mensurate represented ( 5 = five blocks ) . Children are more(prenominal) likely to retain the accomplishments and constructs they have learned in meaningful contexts. Concepts are developed through activities that overstep of course during drama, such as numeration, screening, sequencing, foretelling, hypothesizing, and measuring.Learning through drama is an of import and natural procedure. Learning through drama introduces and Teachs new accomplishments with a happy, comfy and fun attack says Gale Kelleher, manager of Rainbow Nursery School in New York.Meghan McGinley Crowe, Executive Director of Literacy for Little Sprouts, explains that presenting new acquisition processes through playful activities in which kids are per se interested are of import. They keep kids s attending and let th em to easy perpetrate larning to long term memory. Hands-on, playful larning experiences non merely construct involution in the topic, but set off a kindergartners experiences in larning as positive, joy filled 1s which they will desire to go on for old ages to come ( Crowe, 2009 ) .During playing, the kid will research their senses that help them in work dispatch jobs. For illustration, when a kid tries to suit a building block of ammunition block to the shape hole but could nt suit it in. This will let the kid to believe and motivate the kid to advance another hole that can suit the unit of ammunition block. Once the kid found it, they will cognize that merely round hole can suit a unit of ammunition block. not merely that, when playing, the kid can get all right and gross motor accomplishments. It will besides assist them concentrate, heighten their imaginativeness, and socialise with other kids.The Problem-solving ProcedureProblem resolving is to supply kids with a mecha nism for doing good pick about how to react or move and respond in assorted state of affairss. When come to job resolution, it required clip, forbearance, energy and accomplishments. Once kids have get job work outing accomplishments, they become more confident and will be responsible in covering with day-to-day state of affairss. Harmonizing to Doescher ( 1995 ) and Loh ( 2002 ) the job work outing procedure aid kids to work out jobs and do better determination. They suggested parents, pedagogue and instructors to steer kids through the undermentioned stairssMeasure 1 To work out the job, foremost to allow kids cognize what a job is and how they can understand it. Adults may detect and earn information about the state of affairs in regulate to cognize their kids s problem-solving abilities and to see whether kids are able to work out the job. Questions should be asked What is go oning? and What precisely do we necessitate to make? Measure 2 Children motif to place and specify the job or state of affairs in rove to acquire good solution for the job. Once the job is clarified, promote kids to bring forth options, come out with possible solutions thoughts, inquiries and statements, illustration, What can we make otherwise? permit s see how many thoughts we can come up with? and Are at that place still more solutions we can believe of? Measure 3 Discus with the kids the solutions to the job. Talk about the options suggestions and asked kids to notice on them. As this is a critical measure of learning job resolution, grownup can supply any(prenominal) simple solutions or different ways of work outing jobs. When kids reexamining the solutions to the job, they will be able to cognize and measure different solutions to different job. However, grownup must non make the kids s work, allow the kids do it. From the kids s suggestions and seeking their thoughts will be able to let kids to develop their concluding power apart from larning to work out the jobs ?Measure 4 Aid kids to make up ones mind on a solution, let kids to test, adapt and research different solutions to the job. Childs have to seize the solution which is agreeable to all. Therefore, it is besides appropriate to inquire proposal from each kid. What do you believe of the suggestion? If we choose this thought, what do you believe will go on? When seeking a solution, kids are taking charge of the job and kids need to expect the test solution may be feasible or non, and it can be changed if necessary. By researching and work outing job, it will assist kids to streamline their encephalon in a simple and wise mode.Measure 5 Aid kids to seek a different solution when needed. Sometimes kids need to discourse their job farther and this is the clip for grownup to measure the state of affairs and to come out with another solution. Adult can inquire inquiries explore solutions by inquiring thoughts from the kids. How can you work out the job? What do you believe? Children may do a batch of errors while larning to work out jobs and grownup should learn kids how to manage errors and most common bloopers. Mistakes and bloopers are the foundation stones that will let kids work out jobs that they encounter in their life ( Loh. 2002 ) . Therefore, grownup should promote kids to maintain seeking and finally they will be able to happen solution for the job.In Piaget s theory, he has identified that kids move through four wide phases of development by which kids progress through them, each of which is characterized by a qualitatively distinguishable manner of thought. In detector motor phase, cognitive development begins with the babe s usage of the senses and motions to research the universe. These action patterns win into the symbolic but unlogical thought of the kindergartners in the preoperational phase. Then knowledge is transformed into the more organized logical thinking of the school age kids in the concrete operational phase. Finally, in the form al operational phase, thought becomes the complex, abstract concluding system of the stripling and grownup. Harmonizing to Piaget, the development of the kids s cognitive abilities will merely reflected in the growing of their powers of perceptual experience, linguistic communication, concluding and problem-solving abilities.If we observed closely at a really immature yearlings faces a job, they frequently merely phone ground being they do non cognize what else to make except shouting. By the age of two, kids will utilize memory as job work outing tool, kids will believe about the job, retrieve what he saw and so copy it. By three old ages old, kids will utilize their imaginativenesss when jobs arise, illustration if there is no helmet in the dramatic corner, the 3s will utilize a bowl and have on it inverted. The four old ages old are the adventuresome and they need some aid in concentrating the job. They are more patient and able to seek out different solutions by utilizing more vocabularies and besides ready to pull off with their equals ( Miller, 1996 ) . Children thrive on complex constructive undertakings that produce identifiable merchandises. Five and six twelvemonth olds peculiarly enjoy constructive drama with higher degrees of societal coaction.How does Play Enhance Cognitive Development? Children construct these exposures to new constructs through drama. Each playful experience builds the cognitive development of larning a new fact and perpetrating it to long term memory, says Crowe ( 2009 ) .Cognitive development focuses on developing maps of the encephalon such as thought, acquisition, consciousness, judgement, and treating information. Harmonizing to developmental psychologist Jean Piaget, kids go through several phases of cognitive development and acquisition activities for yearlings and kids should match to the appropriate developmental ( Snuggs, 2008 ) .In footings of cognitive development, Piaget s ( 1896-1980 ) believed that kids constru ct their ain apprehension through interacting with their environment and learned to deposit to the universe. Adaptation which involves through the two procedures that normally happen at the same time, they are assimilation and adjustment. He defined assimilation which means the kid s return in new things from the outside universe and tantrum into the already existing construction. The new rational stuffs which include thoughts, constructs, and points of position to suit into the bing constructions of our heads, in order for these new thoughts finally incorporated into our ain universe positions. Adjustment on the other manus, is the adjusting of the construction in reaction to the freshly incorporated stuff. Therefore, cognitive development involves an interaction between absorbing new facts to old cognition and suiting old cognition to new facts and the care of structural equilibration ( Halford 1989 ) .Piaget further explained that without the pattern in drama context, the accomp lishments that kids have would be loss. In order for kids to absorb information and explored the environment into their heads and assist kids to do sense of it is through drama. Play enable kids to larn work outing job, it help kids able to associate with their old acquisition and obtain new accomplishments, new constructs, able to happen ways to derive more cognition.Children act in an environment by manipulate with different stuffs, equipment-increased kids s cognition. In Piaget s theory, he has recognized that kids move through four wide phases of development, each of which is characterized by a qualitatively distinguishable manner of thought. In detector motor phase, cognitive development begins with the babe s usage of the senses and motions to research the universe. These action patterns evolve into the symbolic but unlogical thought of the kindergartners in the preoperational phase. Then knowledge is transformed into the more organized logical thinking of the school age kids in the concrete operational phase. Finally, in the formal operational phase, thought becomes the complex, abstract concluding system of the stripling and grownup. Harmonizing to Piaget, the development of the kids s cognitive abilities will merely reflected in the growing of their powers of perceptual experience, linguistic communication, concluding and problem-solving abilities.Piaget ( 1962 ) believed that kids are active scholars kids learn best from the activities they plan, carry out and reflect. Children would be by and by the activities they are interested in order to prosecute, derive direct experience and use logical believing to their job work outing accomplishments. Harmonizing to Piaget when kids are actively utilizing their head to seek for possible reply, work outing job is a critical facet because kids are mentally building assorted possibilities.In order for effectual acquisition to happen, active engagement is needed to let kids to pull strings stuffs during thei r acquisition so that they can research what happens if.. ? Children will be batch overing over higher cognitive-level inquiries, which result them to dispute their thought and coerce them to use, analyze, synthesis or measure what they have learned. Active acquisition besides encourages kids to happen covering and illustrations of the freshly learned constructs and brainstorming solutions to jobs ( Mclnerney & A Mclnerney 2008 ) .Researcher have besides conclude that kids who participate activity in dramatic drama which besides know as make-believe drama during the preschool old ages has a higher mark on the degrees of imaginativeness and creativeness and this enhance the ability of believing inventively ( Freyberg, 1973, Pepler & A Ross, 1981 ) . When kids engaged in dramatic drama or feign drama, they transform the object and actions symbolically. Bergen s survey says that in make-believe drama, kids are practising dialogue, function pickings and job resolution.Vygotsky s th eory besides supported that when kids constructed new cognition through their drama, whether they are practising what they have learned in other scenes or they are building new cognition, it is clear that drama has a valuable function in the early childhood schoolroom.Jerome Bruner ( 1972 ) and Brian Sutton Smith ( 1967 ) both maintained that drama provides a comfy and relaxed ambiance in which kids can larn to work out a assortment of jobs. Subsequently, when kids are confronted with the more complex jobs of the existent universe, the acquisition that took topographic point during drama is of great benefit to them. ( Hughes, 2010 p.27 )DecisionThe term of job resolution is used in different signifiers in the literature and job work outing screens a assortment of countries which range from seting mystifiers together, to work out simple scientific discipline and arithmetic jobs, and besides to the solution of mental, logical, societal, and mechanical jobs. ( Bullock, 2000, p.24 ) . Research has found that when a kid is given a peculiar job to work out, the kid has to find the conditions, see the process and stairss taken to work out the job. Gagne ( 1970 ) considers that when a various(prenominal) s is work outing job, it involves the highest cognitive abilities of which 1 is capable.Young kids learn job work outing accomplishments largely through drama and job resolution is the foundation of a immature kid s acquisition. Educator should value, promote and supply job work outing chances in the early childhood schoolroom. As job work outing occurs in the mundane context of a kid s life, it is the best chances for kids to near jobs in different ways in order to work out them.

Final Project: Personal Narrative

Over the past five years the purpose and meaning for my spiritedness has certain into an empathetic, caring, responsible person. I am in the process of fulfilling a mission to help others deal with lifes situations, circumstances, and issues without the use of alcohol and drugs. My life began as the 18th of 20 siblings, which was not an easy assignment for me. I had to h overaged the position as the baby for seven years before my baby sister was born. This was the beginning of the phylogenesis of my personality that I possessed over time through experience and my environment.The infancy stage of my life was filled with glory and gloom as parents and siblings gave praises to me, The scotch. I was always catered to and showered with gifts of love and affection. Until unmatched day, something happened. People was walking by me to get to the baby, this small something which my mother kept bundled up until the next visitor came by with oohs, ahhs, and compliments of praises for it. A s Caldonia replaced my glory, I was determined to be doomed for life. In spite of others sympathy for me, I felt handle something was wrong with me. I developed the sense that I did something wrong, and something was wrong ith me. I had lost confidence in myself and others and trust was broken. I became resentful and felt neglected as if no one loved me any longer. I developed personality traits of introversion/extroversion, friendly/ unfriendly, and became a loner. The fluctuation of my toneings towards the baby, my mother, my family, and the world were internalized feelings of the pain I felt. Feelings of inferiority overwhelmed me. Upon entering head start grade, in early childhood, I developed a different sight with this interactionism with other children.I was taller than my peers and after being picked on by older iblings, I felt like this was my opportunity to stand up to someone. As anxious as I was to be aggressive, I just could not bully the friends that were so small a nd friendly. This humanistic view of motivation, influenced by my mothers voice in Christian discipline statements such as, dont do her like that, that is not fair, play fair and be kind to each other helped shape my personality at this life stage. I developed a personality of conscientiousness from my mother disciplining us on our behavior. As I matured to adolescence, I developed the personality traits of greeableness, and risk taking. By early adolescence I very much agreed with adults when I was told, you are too expectant to play with little Sandra, you are too big to be in ordinal grade and constantly asked, how old are you? I decided to play with the boys and play as the boys. Why not? I was just as big and tall as the boys and was too big to play with girls, as I was told. The schemas of my personality were shaped accordingly. My personal construct was the images of the behaviors that I felt was appropriate from the perspective of my self-image and from others perspective .My life was consistent to Eriksons basic philosophy the world gets bigger as we go along and failure is cumulative. During my early teens, I experienced strong-arm changes, which was natural at this life stage, yet I was uncomfortable with. I had reached puberty. At puberty, I was developing faster than my friends and this fast maturity made me feel uncomfortable with myself again. My father made sexual advances towards me. I then developed a self-concept as worthiness to someone and became promiscuous. At this time other girls were cause and had boyfriends and I was rying so hard to be loved and take backed. By age 15, I became involved with a 20-year-old family friend, three months later we were married. We had a very sightly wedding on my family homes front porch. I was such a beautiful bride. This was the first time that I felt such beauty, since Caldonia was born. I felt the love and warmth of my husband and the wedding congregation. I was loved and accepted.My husband was considerate and kind the first six months, however became violent and abusive. He drank beer only on weekends, and eventually started drinking liquor and wine. By his time I was pregnant with our first child and become a high discipline drop-out. 18 months later I gave birth to our daughter. I was seeking my identity as a wife, mother, and young adult. I was only 18 years old married and had given birth to two children. I was very confused about my individuality and the role to play in my situation. It was easy for me to substitute ideals for experience. aft(prenominal) seven years of nuisance and three children, I could no longer cope. I covered up all of my problems with a new love. I became wedded to crack cocaine. After four years of chasing the igh, I was arrested and sent to jail. I underwent treatment and stayed clean and sober for almost six years and started using again. By this time I am mother of six and in another abusive relationship with the father of my later two children. I had relived my marriage with the selfsame(prenominal) patterns of alcoholism and abuse. I turned again, to the same method of dealing with the circumstances, I started using drugs again. This time my incarceration was longer and required extensive substance abuse treatment. I entered this program with an open-mind and willingness to change. I was sick and tired of being sick and tired.Currently, in middle adulthood I am more conscientious and know direction and goals for my life. I contract developed personality traits of being a good mother/grandmother (generativity). I want to help others and I have a gift to give. I am no longer absorbed into the selfishness of myself. According to Harder (2009), based on Eriksons Ego Development Outcome, the significant trade union movement of this stage of life is to perpetuate culture and transmit values through the family (taming the kids) and working to establish a stable environment. The development of my personality has th e responsibility of legion(predicate) counterparts.Factors such as culture, religion, society, family, high and low life-points, and gender has played a role in the shaping of my personality. However, real acceptance of the self has been the most persuasive. My life has had its ups and downs. However, I would not change none of its episodes. I feel as if everything has happened exactly the way it was supposed to happen for me to be in the position I am in today. My mission is to become a Substance Abuse Counselor to help the next person who is struggling with ways to deal with and accept life on lifes terms, as I have.

Change Management and HRM Essay

1. (TCO All) For the next set of questions, you exit first select ONE of the TCOs of the course. Then, you allow be asked to write an essay virtually the retch you worked on this terminal over your two companies tack course of study based on the TCO you selected above. Select the TCO your essay question will coverTCO A Given that state-of-the-art and productive companies require their employees to embrace channelise, examine how changing work conditions imp modus operandi the employees. TCO B Given the intrinsical reality that all organizations must experience substitute in order to improve, demonstrate how models argon utilize in Change Management, for diagnosing an organizations need for assortment. TCO C Given external, inborn and/or multi- trains of organization factors that drive modification, assess and create a drawing cardship model which supports and promotes each type of pitch within the organization. TCO D Given that an organizations mission and spat e will determine its scheme towards tack, ensure that an organizations falsify initiative is aligned with and capitalizes on its culture and mission in preparation for veer. TCO E Given a selected Change Management implementation model, determine the causes of change and develop a visualize of action to implement the change.TCO F Given that both organizations and their employees comm and stomach change, understand how to recognize and overcome barriers to change and develop a strategy to manage resistance to change that will ensure successful implementation of change. TCO G Given that developing a heap for change and communicating that vision is a critical part of the change process, analyze the key elements of the vision for change and develop a strategy to communicate the change to the stakeholder. TCO H Given the organizations finis of creating and implementing a sustainable change go moving toward becoming a learning organization, develop a plan to implement change in a sustainable manner that can be utilise to any change.Using the TCO you selected from the list above, which you felt was most(prenominal) relevant to your throw up this term, write an essay resolving explaining how the change management you saw in one and unless(a) of your companies from your project this term followed or failed to follow the possibility of success ingrained in the TCO you have selected.State the 1 thing you think that follows change agent did which most contri stilled to the success or failure of the change and why that relates to the TCO you selected. Include in the answer the name of the party you atomic number 18 discussing. Explain/analyze why you think this way. (Points 35)2. (TCOs A, E) Your project this term asked you to compare and contrast two companies change projects or platforms for change. This question will review what you learned just about the change projects in a continuation of your project. It will ask you to reach course infor mation to your project companies. For your answer, be sure to reference the names of the companies you canvass in your project this term to help your instructor determine the score of your response.Recall that external and internal pressures often impact implementation of change in companies. For this question, please write an essay answering these questions A. Define specific (at least 2 each) external and internal pressures that will (or did) affect the implementation of the changes in your two companies. (10 points) B. Name two strategies of handling these pressures that you would (have) suggested to the fraternity leaders as being the most effective in managing those pressures during the implementation phase. (10 points) C. Defend your positions with details about why you feel your strategies would assist with handling these pressures. (15 points) (Points 35) 3. (TCOs E,H) Your project this term asked you to compare and contrast two companies change projects or programs for change. This question will review what you learned about the change projects in a continuation of your project. It will ask you to apply course information to your project companies. For your answer, be sure to reference the names of the companies you studied in your project this term to help your instructor determine the score of your response.You will assess the sustainability of the changes which occurred in the companies you studied. Select ONE of the gild change programs for your answer to this question and state it here. Assess the change project. Was it successful or unsuccessful in your opinion? What will it take (what are some steps the community can, should, or DID take) to make it SUSTAINABLE? What theories did you consider in coming to this conclusion? Do you think this change will still be in place in one, five, or ten years? wherefore or why not?(Points 35) As for the People, it should be determined whether the organization has the right skills and talents for the change to be supported and for the organization to achieve its strategic goal.For example, if the strategic goal is to increase revenue through increase sales then the company sales people should be given sufficient training about the companys own and acquired products as this will enable the sales staff to more substantially sell the companys products. I feel that the changes made in SAP will hang on in place for years to come. Now that steps have been gathered to analyze large amounts of employees, customers, and sales data being generated by companies it will enable SAP to create new processes and applications that will intensiveness their success. 4. (TCO All) This question does not address your course project. This change scenario is envisioned instead, for this question. First, the scenario, and then the question.Scenario You have been asked to handle a project where the company is going to close the plant in your company and offer all of the workers an election of taking a buy-out severance package which is quite generous OR relocate to another state, where the air climate is much better (but the cost of living is higher and the style of living is lower). The current office of the company is in an area where people live well, the culture is great, and because it is in a college town, there are many fun things to do on weekends, plays to attend, sporting events, etc. The atmosphere is quite upbeat. The city where the company is moving to has very little in the way of entertainment, the ho victimisation costs are higher although not as nice, and property taxes are higher as well. The company is offering moving costs for motion costs, but not house sale assistance. It is likely most of your employees are going to take the buy-out, but most of them are in their late30s or early 40s and are not going to be happy about it.The question This term, we studied organizational development theory versus the more systematic nStep order of conducting a change process. What would be the pros/cons of using OD theory for this change project? What would be the pros/cons of using nStep? Which nStep would you recommend for this if you use one? Of the two methods (nStep or OD), which would you recommend we use for this particular change program? Why? (Points 35) 5. (TCOs C,D) Your project this term asked you to compare and contrast two companies change projects or programs for change. This question will review what you learned about the change projects in a continuation of your project. It will ask you to apply course information to your project companies. For your answer, be sure to reference the names of the companies you studied in your project this term to help your instructor determine the score of your response. Consider ONE of your companys change projects (not both companies just one.) State the company and the change process/program/project.Name the leader of the change from that company. Answer the following questions about that ch ange A. Would you characterize your leader as the change sponsor or the change implementer of this change? Or was this leader in fact both? Describe the difference among a sponsor of change and an implementer of change, why they are both important, and why you feel your leader was one or the other. B. Evaluate the leaders implementation of the change as it compared to the companys vision and mission statement. Were they aligned? Did this alignment (or misalignment) contribute to the success or failure of the change? Why or why not? (Points 35) 1. (TCO A) When JetBlue left their customers sitting on the tarmac for hours on Valentines Day, and their CEO was finally terminated as a result, the company was responding to (pick the silk hat group) (Points 7)A). external, reputation, and credibility pressures.B). hypercompetition, market decline, and internal pressures.C). mandated, fashion, and force athletic field pressures.D). growth, identity, and new broom pressures.E). All of t he above2. (TCO A) Which of the following best shows forces for change vs. forces forstability? (Points 7) A). Change forces are adapting, sustaining, and predicting whereas stability forces are bureaucracy, trust, and control. B). Change forces acknowledge lay-offs, IPOs, and inventing new products whereas stability forces are hiring, hold buy-backs, and regular periodic dividends. C). Change forces include lay-offs, stock buy-backs, and bi-annual new models of iPhones whereas stability forces are hiring freezes, bureaucracy, and regular yearly dividends. D). Change forces include Harry Potter Park at Universal Studios, Walt Disney sheet Lines, and McDonalds lattes and stability forces are Cruise ship sinking at Giglio Island, bridging and buffering strategies, and JetBlues public apology after the Valentines Day fiasco.E).Both A and C3. (TCO B) Which of the following best defines the congruence model of diagnosing change? (Points 7) A). Includes purpose, structure, rewards, a nd helpful mechanisms B). Is based on the conceptualization of the organization as a transformation process C). Can be a start point for an organization that has not given attention to the trends that may impact its future operations D). Includes strategy, structure, process, and askant capability E). Includes structure, style, skills, super-ordinate goals, etc.4. (TCO B) During the diagnosis for change period, it is important to analyze the stakeholders for their readiness to change. Using the power-interest matrix, you review the level of interest and amount of power of stakeholders and determine the following (Points 7) A). Your key players are those with the highest level of interest, but a lower level of power. B). Your key players are those with the lowest level of interest, but the highest level of power. C). Your most piffling players are those with low levels of power but high interest. D). Your stakeholders who need to be kept informed only are those with high levels o f interest but lower levels of power. E). Your stakeholders who need to be kept informed only are those with low levels of interest but higher levels of power.5. (TCO C) The Burke-Litwin model states that there are four transformational factors of change. appoint the answer below which contains at least three of those factors. (Points 7)A).Frames, lenses, angles, and hyperboleB). Mission and strategy, leadership, and organizational cultureC). Hypotheses, problems, symptoms and inputsD). Vision, realization strategies, litigation, and executionE). None of the above6. (TCO C) This organization is running like clockwork This statement by a company leader is likely to result in no change because(Points 7) A). the leader is blinded by the light.B). the leader believes his vision and mission of the company will align when the change is over. C). the leader has diagnosed by image that the company needs no change. D). the PESTEL framework has been unchallenged for too long. E). brainsto rming for change was uneventful.7. (TCO D) The art of a leader managing the meaning of a vision for followers and aligning it with his or her values is called (Points 7)A).scripting.B). performing.C). staging.D). norming.E). framing.8. (TCO F) The Emotional Intelligence domains and associated competencies are used to help us determine when a potential change agent, or person, is ready for leadership. When a person exhibits the competencies of integrity, initiative, and optimism, we know he or she has reached the stage of (Points 7)A). Self-Awareness.B). Social Awareness.C). Relationship Management.D). Self-Management.E). Personal and Social.9. (TCO G) One day, while on the company elevator, the head of HR is talking to the CEO and doesnt realize his loudspeaker system name is on when the CEO asks, Do you think that we can afford to keep the downtown branch of the companyopen? Or is it time to think about across-the-board layoffs? The HR head frowns, turns off the speaker and rep lies, Ill call you later and hangs up. Four employees from the downtown branch are on the elevator and regard this comment. The HR head tells the four employees (whose names he does not know), Say nothing about this. You hear nothing.They immediately rush to their cubicles and begin spreading the word. The gossip has hit the entire department and local password agencies by the 600 news that night. The CEO is featured saying, This is nothing but a rumor at this point. We have no current plan to lay off anyone. This is an example of what type of communication plan on the part of the CEO? (Points 7) A).Spray and prayB). Tell and sellC). Underscore and exploreD). Identify and sayE).Withhold and uphold10. (TCO G) Toxic handlers, as related to change management communication, do the following (Points 7) A).handle all calls with the environmental Protection Agency. B). talk in stages using assertions, requests, and declarations. C). listen empathetically, and help cool angry people dow n, act like sponges, and often burn out quickly. D).All of the aboveE). None of the above11. (TCO H) A sign that a change is sustained could be seen as (Points 7) A). a significant and abrupt drop in the stock price of the company. B). receiving an offer from a competitor to buy the company. C). sending out WARN act notices.D). purpose that the change has become baked into the culture. E). a reward system which is outdated.12. (TCOs G,H) Review this story and pick the best answer based on your understanding of change management practices Company X,Y,Z establishes a vision for change where cutting costs is critical to our survival andestablishes a reward system to the department which cuts costs the most in one suck, and states it will be a department-based reward system for the next four quarters. By the most the management establishes, the cuts will be valued by a somewhat complicated algorithm % and $$ of cut in the total expense budget. The sales team goes for the gold and cu ts their travel budget by 50%, which is by far the biggest department cut in both $ and %. They win the 1st quarter reward.In quarter 2, the IT team cuts expenses the most by ending the purchase of all new software system or PCs. In quarter 3, the production line cuts their expenses the most by laying off 60% of the workers (sales have dropped significantly and technology problems have slowed production, so this was needed anyway.) (Points 8) A). The company did a good excogitate establishing urgency and aligning metrics with the vision for change, and this change appears to be successful. B). The company aligned metrics with the vision for change, and created its own nStep method of change. C). The company culture is dysfunctional and could have learned from CEO Bethune and the Continental skyways own culture of cost is everything. D). The company will probably win the J.D. Power and Associates allot for customer satisfaction this year. E). The reward system is a spray and pra y system.