Essay #2. Once Europeans Began Coming To Our Native Land,

Essay #2 Once Europeans began coming to our native land, we natives knew it was not going to be an easy welcome or transition. I, myself, have always kept an open mind to whatever news comes our tribe’s way, but I also stay true to my values which include not being taken advantage of. Around 1800 it is said that nearly 400,000 American settlers lived west of the Appalachian Mountains. (Voices of Freedom, Pg. 157) This only took more of our lands away. Not all Native Americans went along with the European integrated culture. It was said that the most belligerent tribe happened to be the shawnee tribe with the two brothers refusing to sign the treaty of Greenville since they wanted to keep our our Indian culture and not conform.†¦show more content†¦Looking back, getting an education was not the worse thing to happen, but forcing it upon an already established region is plain absurd. Wars and commotion is what really ended up making European settlers excited about the Indian Removal Act. Wars like the Ohio War, Black Hawk war shaped tragic Trail of Tears during 1830’s. Our tribe was the last to be banished from the eastern side of the Mississippi. It was five civilized tribes with flourishing populations nearing 60,000 soules. (Give Me Liberty Pg. 301) From my understanding, living under Andrew Jackson s presidency has been devastating for us Native American tribes. We seem to be unfamiliar alien like people to the whites who happen to occupy masses of land even though it was always ours to begin with. It was Jefferson who had started a disavowment and the idea that â€Å"civilized† Native Americans could be integrated in the new American society. (Give Me Liberty Pg. 301) Our tribe, the Cherokee, was the one tribe who made the biggest effort to ‘fit in’. We never wanted this removal act to transcend upon us, nor any others, but at the end of the day, I have to have my people s interest first before anyone else s. From the information I have gathered during this time, Jackson would tell fellow congress we are â€Å"savages† and would go along with anything Georgia, our home state, would pass to ride of us. (Give Me Liberty Pg. 302) During this time of Jackson talking with congress, it was theShow MoreRelatedDbq Essay Impacts Of New Imperialism3241 Words   |  13 PagesAP World History DBQ Essay Directions: The following question is based on the accompanying Documents 1-8. (The documents have been edited for the purpose of this exercise.) Write your answer on the lined pages provided. This question is designed to test your ability to work with and understand historical documents. Write an essay that: Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with evidence from the documents. Uses all of the documents. 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Macbeth, By William Shakespeare - 2081 Words

Introduction â€Å"My noble partner you greet with present grace and great prediction Of noble having and of royal hope, That he seems rapt withal. To me, you speak not. If you can look into the seeds of time, And say which grain will grow and which will not Speak, then, to me, who neither beg nor fear Your favors nor your hate†.(1.3.57-64) William Shakespeare is one of the most famous playwrights in history and of the Elizabethan era. Shakespeare wrote many plays one of his most famous is Macbeth thought to have a curse on it because of the accidents that surround it. This play is about a general who becomes king and eventually becomes corrupt and a tyrant.(Shmoop) Characters Macbeth - Macbeth is a Scottish general and thane of Glamis ( A thane is one of the highest ranking positions after the king and a title of nobility). Macbeth visits three witches who tell him that he will one day be king and that Banquo s (another Scottish general) children will be king in the future too. He eventually kills the current king and takes over but starts to commit more and more crimes until he is thought to be a villain and tyrant by the Scottish people and is overthrown. (SparkNotes) Lady Macbeth - Lady Macbeth is the wife of Macbeth and starts him on his role of villainy because she lusts for power and persuades Macbeth into killing the king and doing other various wrongdoings. Lady Macbeth later in the play kills herself out of guilt for what she had done and forced her husband toShow MoreRelatedMacbeth by William Shakespeare770 Words   |  3 PagesThe play Macbeth is written by William Shakespeare. It is believed to be written between 1603 and 1607 and set in eleventh century Scotland. It is also believed to be first performed in 1606. It is considered to be one of the darkest and most powerful tragedies. Macbeth, set in Scotland, dramatizes the psychological and political effects produced when evil is chosen to fulfill the ambition of power. The Tragedy of Macbeth is Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy and tells the story of Macbeth, a ScottishRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1425 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth Just Can’t Wait To Be King Everyone has a quality that they do not like about themselves. Some people struggle to be social, others may be too controlling of people. The list goes on and on, but the point is that everybody has a particular quality that they must learn to control or else that particular quality can get out of hand. Of course, one could write a list of characters that have major flaws. There is no better example than William Shakespeare’s character, Macbeth, in The TragedyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1409 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air.† On October 17th, I had the pleasure of going to see Macbeth performed at the Shakespeare Tavern. Along with its reputation for being â€Å"cursed,† Macbeth is also known as one of the crown jewels of William Shakespeare’s repertoire. In my opinion, the central concept of this particular retelling of the play was the murkiness of character. Throughout the pla y, the many characters go through fierce temptation and strife, and noneRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1203 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is a play based on King James I, it was written by William Shakespeare, however this play isn’t a king and queen fairy tale, but it’s a play about greed and guilt, chaos and murder and three evil witches who use prophecies to influence Macbeth to do bad things, using flattery would instigate his inner ambition to become king, which in the end doesn’t lead to a very happy ending. Shakespeare’s, Macbeth, was written in the early Jacobean period. During those times, women had no power, theyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth†, the author portrays the main character Macbeth as a very tortured and flawed individual whose actions only serve to further unravel him. He is conflicted and power hungry, which drives him to perform evil murders and become a ruthless person. Macbeth’s moral compass is not resilient enough to withstand his wife’s manipulations and he is provoked to act on his malicious thoughts of murder. The author explores the terrible effects that ambition and guilt can haveRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesreaction†. Macbeth by William Shakespeare is a tale which illuminates the consequences of violating the â€Å"Natural order†, the hierarchy of beings in the universe. When Macbeth, a warrior wel l-known for his courage and bravery, murders King Duncan acting on his unchecked ambition to claim the throne, the order was disrupted, the result†¦chaos. Shakespeare uses symbolism to illustrate the atmosphere of the play as the natural order is flung into a state of turmoil. These techniques used by Shakespeare is usedRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1483 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent references in the play of how a king deals with power and if they use it for better or for their own personal gain. In the play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s obsession with his journey to power leads to his failure. This obsession is demonstrated through the prophecies, the murder of his best friend Banquo, and his own demise. Macbeth demonstrates that he is incapable of mastering the power and responsibilities of being a king. This is indicated throughout the play with theRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1045 Words   |  5 PagesBlood appears in only two forms, but many times in Macbeth by William Shakespeare; between the war scene at the beginning of the play and the lifting of Macbeth’s severed being lifted by Macduff at the end. It can be said that Macbeth could have been written in blood that there is such a large amount. What is unique about blood in Macbeth is that the â€Å"imaginary blood† or the guilt that the murderer feels plays more of a role of understand and amplifying the theme of the play, that blood is guiltRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1431 Words   |  6 Pages Macbeth, though originally a valiant and prudent soldier, deteriorates into an unwise king whose rash decisions conclusively end in the atrophy of his title, power, and position. Several facto rs contribute to the downfall of Macbeth, which produce a contagion effect and ultimately end with his demise. He receives help from his â€Å"inner ambitions and external urgings† which result in his downfall (Bernad 49). The â€Å"external urgings† consist of the weird sisters who disclose his prophecies, which enlightenRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1320 Words   |  6 PagesThe oxford dictionary definition of guilt, 1, the fact of having committed a specified or implied offence or crime, 1.1, a feeling of having committed wrong or failed in obligation. In Macbeth written by William Shakespeare, Macbeth, the titular character and his wife Lady Macbeth kill the King in order to become King and Queen themselves, this came with consequences which are still relevant in society today. The guilt they felt and the relevance to sleeplessness are common topics almost four hundred

Influential Ideas about the Role of Managers- Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Influential Ideas about the Role of Managers in Shaping Organization Outcomes. Answer: Introduction Managers influence an organizations performs directly as they are responsible for managing the organization's departments and personnel. This places them in a position that affects the organization's performance and outcomes direct making it important for them to understand and utilized different Organisation Theories to encourage and harness the best performance. Its also critical for the manager to be in a position to develop approaches that can be used at the organization by infusing different theories targeting to promote the organization performance(Yousif 2013). Aspects such as rational system perspective; division of labour; bureaucratic theory, and contingency theory must be used to improve the organization's performance. The data can then be used to improve organizational outcomes by improving performance, productivity and ultimately profits. The manager, therefore, plays an immense role towards implementing suitable theories with the goal of improving the organization's out comes by ensuring the below factors have all been addressed. With business growing highly competitive in the modern world, managers must participate in Paradigm Wars to ensure their brand retains its reputation and competitiveness in an ever changing market. Rational System Perspective The Rational System Perspective refers to the formal structure an organization follows and influences different aspects such as the organization policies and formal employee organization (employee hierarchy structures). It is critical for an organization to offer a formal structure which is followed by each employee as well as set specific rules, terms, and conditions which allow each employee to follow a set of guidelines(Scott Davis 2015). The two aspects influence organization personnel performance greatly thus critical they are implemented by the organization they enhance its performance. It also important they are constantly audited and revised to address new factors which may develop over time. Organisation Policies Effective management and operations of an organization required for the development of strong policies addressing different factors encountered by the organization. The development of organization policies must be done by the human resource manager but must also involve managers, team leads and all stakeholders associated with the organization. Its imperative for each stake holders perspective to be collected and discussed broadly before the policies are developed to prevent developing one sided policies. Policies must be developed to protect the organization and each stakeholder thus helping promote stability within the organization and among the stakeholders. Policies must not only protect the organization's interest but should also address and protect stakeholder interests. Organization policies should never be developed only focusing on the organization benefits as this nurtures a bad attitude among stakeholders who also turn their attention towards searching for other employment opportunities which offer better policy terms. Employee designation (hierarchy structures) A formal organization structure also requires for a well-organized employee designation and hierarchy structures to be put in place. This would allow for the each stakeholder to understand their position as the organization thus allows them to focus their attention towards targeting a higher position through promotion. Employee hierarchy structures rules must also be followed on daily operation needs but open communication must also be available to all organization stakeholders. The lowest ranked employees must still have direct communication with the highest authority which would help highlight issues of concern were following the hierarchy structure to communicate may not be preferred. Having both the hierarchy structure and direct communication among organization employee allows to better streamlining stakeholder performance each stakeholder focuses on their duties in a better manner. When certain concerns are not addressed in an appropriate manner by the responsible person the ma tter can then be referred to a higher authority. Formal Communication Format communication is another important element linked to promoting positive organization behaviour and growth whereby all communication requires be doing in a formal manner as well as documenting. The organization must, therefore, provide format communication medium such as stationary, email account and website log in from where work can be done and reported. There must also be effective measures in place to record all communication and actions taken by each account holder to deliver a clear report on their performance. This will also allow for the employee to focus more on their work and avoid misusing company resources as they understand they are under surveillance and each of their actions is being monitored and recorded. Division of Labour To maximized organization outcomes its also important to distribute the workforce according to departmental demand. Individuals also need to be assigned certain duties they are good at performing to encourage specialization(Seunarine 2001). It is also important to encourage employee task versatility and multitasking allowing them to perform more duties at different positions at an organization. Allocate labour as per department needs The workforce cannot be distributed evenly across all departments and its the responsibility of the manager to evaluate each department needs and allocate the department the desired number of employees. This allows for the organization to distribute its knowledge and skill strength appropriately across the organization. This also ensures the organization only retains the required number of employees which helps avoid over hiring which may result in promoting idleness among over saturated departments. Assign special duties to certain individuals To promote high efficiency and improved quality the manager must also be able to audit each employee's performance and identify areas they are strong and confident in. the employees should them be assigned the duties to handle the task and be held responsible for ensuring the best performance and quality. Each member of a team or department should, therefore, be encouraged to develop a specialization on one of more areas and be responsible for its implementation. Encourage Versatility and Multitasking Among Employee Its also for the manager to encourage employee responsibility and work versatility which allows for the employee to multitask and be capable of performing different responsibility at the office. This is important as it strengths the employee skills within the organization making them of an asset for the organization as opposed to employees who only possess on skill. This also allows the manager to have a group of employees with multiple talents and skills who they can turn to for assistance when a department may require additional help so a shortfall of personal. To stabilize the organization performance and outcomes the manager must encourage dedicated employees to master multiple responsibilities across different department which helps encourage stability and stable development and performance. Bureaucratic Theory Most organizations today follow a Bureaucratic management structure in which the organization employees follow a hierarchy management structure. The organization will also have clearly defined decision-making rules which must be followed to prevent breaching organization policy. The management is non-elected placing the overall and final decision-making process in the highest authoritys hands(Merz 2013). To effectively manage organization development its important to utilize the above approaches but also be able to make minor adjustments to the approaches to encourage performance and boost organization outcomes. Hierarchy Structuring Reporting An organization must distribute its workforce according to their designation and encourage hierarchy structure reporting which means staff members are expected to report issues to their superior. The same applies to every level where team members report to tame leads, team leads to department heads department heads report to serious managers and senior managers report to the President or CEO. The structure may vary but the principle remains the same where each level reports to its higher authority. But to improve performance hierarchy structure reporting should be further enhanced by also delivering direct communication to higher levels of management leading to the highest designations. This is important as it allows each staff member to raise a concern which may not be getting the required attention from a superior on the hierarchy structure. By infusing the hierarchy structure reporting with direct reporting organization outcomes are better achieved as each organization member is r esponse to acting on their duties swiftly and responsibilities knowledge the issue can be forwarded to a higher authority for review. Flexibility with Decision Making Decision-making remains the fundamental right of the highest authority among organizations following the Bureaucratic Theory but at the same time, the decision can be improved by considering staff input. Its important to understand the line worker encounter the day to day challenges facing the organizations and being able to take their input into consideration before finalizing on decisions of critical towards making the right decision(Gerber et al. 2014). Failing to take employee impute related to a certain decision can lead to serious complications which can gravely affect the organization performance and growth. To prevent such instances occurring, the managers must be able to encourage employee participation towards highlighting important areas, data, and information which may require being carefully analysed before certain decisions are taken. Contingency Theory Flexibility is another important factor managers must consider encouraging organization development and smoother operations. The Contingency Theory refers to having a fixed organization structure and policies but at the same time also allowing for flexibility towards the decision making and process management. This theory views organization management and operation as being uncertain thus resulting in there not being any fixed approaches to be used. A basic criterion of management is there for followed while handling every operation but also allows for changes or modifications to be made which will help improve results. The approaches may not be fixed and may require the employees of a responsible individual to adopt unconventional approaches but allow for the individual to resolve the problem and close the case(Bacher 2007). The Contingency Theory of organization management is commonly used in design and manufacturing industry where theoretical approaches may require modification wh en practically implemented to secure the desired result. The same applies to many industries and its important for the modifications to also be reported and recorded to help modify the theoretical plans which require modification to perfect their accuracy and performance. Encouraging Effective Management Approaches With businesses growing highly competitive on a daily basis, it has become important for managers to adopt effective management approaches which will ensure the brand retains its reputation and competitive edge in a market. Unlike the past when brand dictated the guidelines related to product design and employee policy, today consumers have more brands to consider and employees have more employment options thus eliminating brand monopoly in the marketplace(Porter Tanner 2012). This has resulted in the requirement for proper management of every stakeholder needs to effective build a positive reputation among customers and its employees and suppliers. Conclusion Managers remain at the forefront of implementing positive change in any organization at they are the link between the workforce, senior management, and other stakeholders. This places them at an important position at which they are responsible for mediating and making the important decision which addresses each stakeholder needs with the objective of promoting business operations and performance but also addressing stakeholder needs. This will ultimately result in every stakeholder benefiting which encouraging uniformity and growth of the brands a whole. Bibliography Bacher, C 2007, Contingency Theory, GRIN Verlag. Gerber, J, Arms, H, Wiecher, M Danner, C 2014, Leveraging Flexibility: Win the Race with Dynamic Decision Management, Springer, Berlin. Merz, F 2013, Max Weber ?s Theory of Bureaucracy and Its Negative Consequences. Porter, L Tanner, S 2012, Assessing Business Excellence, 2nd edn, Routledge, Oxon. Scott, W Davis, G 2015, Organizations and Organizing: Rational, Natural and Open Systems Perspectives, Routledge, Oxon. Seunarine, S 2001, Principles of Business for Cxc, 4th edn, Nelson Thornes, Cheltenham. Yousif, A 2013, Building a Competitive Public Sector with Knowledge Management Strategy, IGI Global, Hershey.

Mill on the Voluntary Servitude of Women free essay sample

Q: Explain Mill’s account of the voluntary servitude of women. Servitude can be defined as slavery or bondage in any kind. Mill wrote a critique of voluntary slavery of women as a criticism of paternalism that was present in the Victorian England. Mill portrays feministic attitudes in his book, the Subjection of Women. He takes an analysis of the historical conditions that have led to inequality within the male and female sex, the oppressive nature of marriage law in Victorian England and his proposals for marriage law reform. Mill also talks about the injustices of excluding women from public life and also advocates for women suffrage. In the final part of his argument, Mill sets forward his vision of the ways in which equality can be achieved within society. Hence Mill’s account of the voluntary servitude of women takes a feminist approach as he advocates for equality between the sexes. We will write a custom essay sample on Mill on the Voluntary Servitude of Women or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mill asserts that the adoption of this system of inequality between the sexes was never the result of deliberation or forethought or any social ideas. It arose simply from the fact that from the earliest twilight of human society, every woman owing to the value attached to her by man, combined wither inferiority in muscular strength, was found in a state of bondage to some man (Pyle 1995:87). Mill portrays that society is responsible for creating the status of women in his society. He further advocates a principle of equality for the relations between the sexes adding by way of explanation that the principle admits no power or privilege on either side. The main focus of his work was to portray the attitudes of society and come up with a framework that would redress the inequalities present. He notes:- â€Å"That the principle which regulates the existing social relations between the two sexes – the legal subordination of one sex to the other – is wrong in itself, and now one of the chief hindrances to human improvement; and that it ought to be replaced by a principle of perfect equality, admitting no power or privilege over the one side, no disability on the other†. (Pyle 1995:79). He argued that the inequality of women was a relic from the past, when might was right, but it had no place in the modern world. Mill argued that it was not justifiable to discriminate and oppress women as a result of nature, but that they had to be given a chance to prove themselves. Mill’s analysis of the condition of women revealed that they are brought up to act as if they were weak, emotional, and docile and their role in society lies within taking responsibilities of the household such as raising the family. As such, women were not entitled to education as their responsibility lay in the home. He further argues that men took advantage of this situation and as a result, they used it to enslave the brains of the women to achieve maximum obedience. â€Å" all women are brought up from the very earliest years in the belief that their ideal of character is the very opposite to that of men; not self will and government by self control, but submission and yielding to the other. All the moralities tell them that it is the duty of women and all the current sentimentalities that it is their nature, to live for others, to make complete abnegation of themselves. (Pyle 1995:83) This was the attitude of the patriarchal society that comprised the Victorian England society. Hence women from the onset were subject to indoctrination from the early years of livelihood. Thus for Mill, reforming this structure was essential to change attitude within society and this would, as a result, achieve equality within society. Marriage law according to Mill played a crucial role to the subjection of women in Victorian England. Mill was against the marriage law that existed and on several occasions, he worked as a Member of Parliament to influence legislation and public issues concerning women, (Skorupski 1998). The economic and social status of society gave women little alternative except to marry. In Victorian England, women were taken by force or sold of by their fathers. After marriage, the man had the power of life and death over his wife. She could invoke no law against him; he was her sole tribunal and law (Pyle 1995:37). The wife is the actual bond servant of her husband. She vows a livelong obedience to him at the alter and is held to it through her life by law. † The wife had no right to her own property, no protection against marital rape, and no say in the education of her children. In this respect, Mil argues, the wife’s position under the common law of England was worse than that of slaves in the laws of many other countries. As a feminist, he provided sponsorship of a women’s suffrage amendment to the Reform Act of 1867 and he also supported the Married Women’s Property Bill (1868). He was also in regular contact with women’s rights activists during his tenure as Member of Parliament. According to Mill, societal structures made it difficult for women to shun marriage as there was no other viable option available for them. Religion was one of the only ways in which a woman in Victorian England could escape the bonds of marriage by vowing to celibacy. For the others, very little option was available. Even though she belonged to the wealthy class, she could not attend university as the patriarchal society barred women from attending higher education. To Mill, reformation of marriage law was essential. Marital laws based on equality would transform not only the domestic but also the civic characteristics of both men and women and provide a model of mutual respect and reciprocity that children would imitate in their own adult relationships, (Skorupski 1998:400). This would therefore create a new society in which Mill aspired, would be free of oppression on the part of women. Mill goes on to say that once a just and equal society has been created the best division of duties between man and wife would have the man working outside the home and the woman taking care of the family at home, (Mill 1975). This would therefore contradict Mills aspirations of including women in the public sphere. In asserting that women ought to stay at home and run the household, Okin 1992 :228 argues that Mill is denying women the opportunity to establish themselves fully as equals with men through outside employment, [Smith 2001:185] Some feminists have however criticised Mill’s contention that men and women deserved equality before the law. (Annas 1977; Okin 1979; Goldstein 1980) assert that Mill’s vision of equality did not adequately challenge the existing social division of labour and that it subtly reinscribed gender roles. Stefano (1991:148) argues that Mill was only prepared to grant women equality with men if they manifested traditionally male characteristics like working in the public sphere and that he did not attend sufficiently to women’s differences both from men among various class, racial and other categories of women (Skorupski 1998). Skorupski (1998:405) notes that one of the most interesting aspects of Mills writings on women was his assertion that, domestic and political life was inextricably connected. Hence to achieve change, there was need to begin by reforming the domestic sphere first as this was also connected to the political sphere. The public exclusion of women from politics and the public sphere was to Mill, a desire for patriarchal dominance. He argued that the reluctance by men to back him up in his legislative reforms resembled fear of equality even in the household. As Member of Parliament, Mill advocated for women suffrage (the right to vote). He argued that the vote was an important tool to protection of individual rights. Since marriage law in Victorian England was unfair on women, Mill argued that this would give the women a right to say their rights and also participate in decision making that affected the whole community at large. Shanley (1998:409) notes â€Å"suffrage would develop women’s faculties through participation in civic decisions and enable married women to protect themselves from male imposed injustices such as control of their own income and equal rights to custody of their children. † He therefore argued that, given the opportunity to vote and participate in civic decisions, women would now be able to engage in forums that would discuss their rights and eventually this would in the future, guarantee his aspiration of equality between the sexes. Mill argued that the vote is important to protecting the rights of the women and that women should participate in politics. Again the issue of womens suffrage is raised. Women make up half of the population, thus they also have a right to a vote since political policies affect women too. He theorizes that most men will vote for the MPs which will subordinate women, therefore women must be allowed to vote to protect their own interests and this would help in achieving equality. Mill felt that even in societies as unequal as England and Europe that one could already find evidence that when given a chance women could excel. He gives examples of Queen (s) Elizabeth and Victoria of England, Blanche of Castle and Margaret of Austria as symbols of women who have excelled well in politics. It is for this reason that he suggests that he based his argument that if other women can participate well in politics, then the rest of them should also participate. His central argument was that what men can do, women can also do. Mill mentions of the access to education of the female category. Mill felt that the emancipation and education of women would have positive benefits for men also. The stimulus of female competition and companionship of equally educated persons would result in the greater intellectual development of all. He stressed the insidious effects of the constant companionship of an uneducated wife or husband. Mill felt that men and women married to follow customs and that the relation between them was a purely domestic one. By emancipating women, Mill believed, they would be better able to connect on an intellectual level with their husbands, thereby improving relationships. However some feminists have criticised Mill for contradicting himself on the theme of education. Annas argues saying that, in as much as education is neccesaary for women, Mill seems to contradict himself. This is so in the sense that Mill, in a state of equality, suggests that there should be division of labour whereby the husband goes to work and the wife takes care of household responsibilities. Critics therefore question how feasible Mill’s notion is. How is the woman supposed to attain education whilst concentrating on household duties? Therefore they portray Mill’s ideas as rather confused. Another aspect that was crucial to Mill for equality to be achieved was reformation of the marriage structure itself. By this, Mill advocated for a healthy marital relationship in which husband and wife view each other as equals. This would be achieved by giving women access to education, remunerative work and political representation, Shanley (1995). According to him, this would result in a situation whereby there was mutual understanding between the two sexes and hence this would create a conducive environment for equality. Mill to a certain extent, blamed the state as the main focus for the subjection of women. He states that- â€Å".. the state enforced male dominance in marriage not only directly by the laws of corveture but also indirectly by denying women higher education, employment, professional training and licensing thus closing of alternatives to marriage. † [Skorupski 1998:417] Skorupski (1998) notes that this is why Mill supported reforms such as Women’s suffrage, the Married Woman’s Property Bill, the Divorce Act, the repeal of the Contagious Diseases Act and the opening of higher education and professions to women. Education and career opportunities would give women an alternative to marriage and laws such as the Divorce Act would help those women that felt oppressed under marriage. This, to Mill was essential in achieving equality between the males and the females. Mill’s notion of ‘marital friendship’ was also important to theories of feminism. This is so in the sense that this would help change the way in which members of society viewed each other as equal beings and thus, would infuse a sense of equality also in children as they grew up. Hence in the long run, Mill’s aspirations of a reformed society with equality amongst both sexes would be a success. Mill, to a greater extent, rather takes a reformist approach in his feministic attitude towards change in the Victorian England. He argues that the subjection of women could not only end by coming up with laws alone that stipulated how equality should be achieved between the sexes. Rather, reformation of the education system, opinion and access to knowledge is crucial if this idea of equality is to be achieved. He further argues that socital reform should begin at household level as this is where all patriarchal norms and beliefs were instilled. Hence it is necessary to begin reform from the family level first so that it can reach society. In conclusion, although Mills book, Subjection of Women was written in the 19th century, it is has played a significant role in contemporary society as some of his ideas such as women suffrage have been incorporated globally. There also has been a surge in the number of women rights activists and many laws around the globe have been passed to promote these ideas of equality. Hence it is justifiable to conclude that Mill’s works have neen succesfull and useful in the contemporary society. ? REFERENCES Annas, J, â€Å"The Subjection of Women† in Philosophy 52, 1977, 179-194 Mill, JS â€Å" The Subjection of Women†, in Mill, JS â€Å"Three Essays†, Oxford University Press. Skorupski J, (1998), The Cambridge Companion to Mill, Cambrigde University Press. Smith E,Joun Stuart Mills â€Å"The Subjection of Women†: A Re-Examination. Vol 34 No2, 2001 Pyle A, 1995, The subjection of women : contemporary responses to John Stuart Mill, Bristol : Thoemmes,